Ghana fahodie

Ghana nyaa fahodie wɔ Ɔbenim bosome da ɛtɔ so nsia wɔ afe apem ahenkron aduonum-nson(6th March, 1957).

Nsɛm A Ɛsiiɛ Ansa na Ghana Renya Fahodie

Nkran Basabasayɛ

Accra basabasayɛ no fii ase wɔ Ɔgyefoɔ bosome da ɛtɔ so aduonu -nwɔtwe wɔ afe apem ahenkron aduanan - nwɔtwe (28th February 1948 ) wɔ Nkran , a na ɛyɛ Britania atubraman( British Colony) a na ɛwɔ hɔ saa bere no wɔ Gold Coast (mprempren Ghana) no Ahenkro. "Politico" bubuu ɔsɔretia a na kan asraafo a wonni akodeɛ a na wɔreyɛ basabasa sɛ wobɛnya wɔn mfasoɔ sɛ Wiase Ko ɛtɔ so mmienu mu akofoɔ no de kyerɛe, na ɛmaa kuo no akannifo baasa wuwuiɛ. Wɔn a wɔkunkum wɔn no bi ne Ɔsahene Nii Adjetey, a [1] efi saa bere no wɔkae no wɔ Nkran.

Wɔbu asɛm a esii wɔ Ɔgyefoɔ 28 , no sɛ "sare a ɛbubuu yoma no akyi", a ɛhyɛ ade titiri a ɛmaa Gold Coast bɛyɛɛ Afrika atubraman a ɛdiI kan nyaa ahofadie a ɛbɛyɛɛ Ghana wɔ Ɔbenim 6, 1957 mu no agyirae.[2][3]

Akyi Asɛm

Wɔ Ɔpɛpɔn bosome mu wɔ afe apem ahenkron aduanan - nwɔtwe mu no, na Ga panyin, Nii Kwabena Bonne ɔtɔ so mmiɛnsa III,[4] a wɔnim no wɔ kokoam asetena mu sɛ Theodore Taylor (1888–1968) [5], ayɛ nhyehyɛeɛ sɛ wɔbɛpo Europa nnoɔma a wɔde fi amannɔne ba nyinaa de atua wɔn boɔ a ɛkɔ soro no ano [6]. Na saa "boycott" no botaeɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛhyɛ amannɔne adwadifoɔ a wɔnim wɔn sɛ Association of West African Merchants (AWAM) no ama wɔatete wɔn nnoɔma boɔ a ɛkɔ soro no so. [7] Hyɛ no nso sɛ Basabasayɛ ahodoɔ a ɛtoatoa so dii "boycot"no akyi wɔ Ɔgyefoɔ1948 no mfiaseɛ.[9] Da a na wɔayɛ nhyehyɛeɛ sɛ wɔde bɛba awieɛ, Ɔgyefoɔ 28, [8] ne Wiase Ko II mu akofoɔ a wɔadi ako no nanteɛ bi bɛhyiaeɛ.

Ɔpɛpɔn 28 Nanteɛ ne basabasayɛ

Nanteɛ a ɛkɔɔ so wɔ Ɔgyefoɔ 28, 1948 no yɛ asomdwoeɛ mmɔdenbɔ a kane asraafoɔ bɔeɛ sɛ wɔde adesrɛ bɛkɔ Gold Coast Amrado no nkyɛn a ɛsrɛ sɛ wɔmfa pɛnhyen sika a wɔahyɛ ho bɔ ne akatua foforɔ a wɔde ma wɔ wɔn mmɔdemmɔ wɔ ɔko no mu no mma wɔn. Na wɔn a na anka wɔyɛ asraafo no yɛ Gold Coast Asraafo Kuo no mu foɔ a na wɔka Afrika asraafo a wɔasiesie wɔn ho sen biara no ho, efiri sɛ na wɔne Britania asraafo ako wɔ Burma. Ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔhyɛɛ wɔn bɔ sɛ wɔbɛma wɔn pɛnhyen sika ne nnwuma wɔ ɔko no akyi no, bere a saa asraafo yi san baa fie no, na adwuma kakraa bi na ɛwɔ hɔ ma wɔn na wɔantua wɔn pɛnhyen sika. [9]

Bere a ɛkuo no rekɔ Amrado no atenaeɛ a ɛwɔ Christiansborg Abankɛse no mu no, atubrafo polisifo no gyinaa wɔn na wohyiaa wɔn, na wɔapene so sɛ wɔbɛma wɔatwam. Britania polisifo Panyin Colin Imray [10] hyɛɛ n’asefoɔ sɛ wɔntoto tuo ngu wɔn a wɔreyɛ ɔsɔretia no so, nanso mmarima no anyɛ saa ɛsane ɛhu nti, [11] Ɔhwɛfo Imray faa tuo no na ɔto guu akannifo no so, [12] kunkum kane asraafo baasa: Ɔsahene Adjetey, Ɔsraani Panyin Attipoe, ne Ɔsraani Panyin Odartey Lamptey. Saa nnipa mmiɛnsa a wɔwuiɛ no da nkyɛn a, nnipadɔm no mu foɔ pii pirapiraeɛ.[13]

nnipa a wɔwɔ Nkran kɔɔ mmɔnten so yɛɛ basabasa wɔ saa awudie yi ho.[13] Saa da no ara, mpɔtam hɔ amammuo akannifo, United Gold Coast Convention [14] (UGCC), a wɔfrɛɛ wɔ "The Big Six" di wɔn anim no de nwoma kɔmaa Ɔman Ɔkyerɛwfo a ɔwɔ London no:

"...gye sɛ wɔsesa Atubrafo Aban na wɔde Aban foforo a ɛyɛ ɔmanfo ne wɔn Mpanimfoɔ si mfinimfini hɔ ntɛm ara, mprempren nnipa pii abrabɔ yɛ nea wɔntumi nni so koraa a adwumayɛfoɔ wɔbɛto hyɛ wɔn so no , ahunahuna wɔ Polisifoɔ yɛ no atra so, na wɔde Polisifo a wɔn ani nnye ahyɛdeɛ ahodoɔ ho no di dwuma na wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ mu no. Polisifoɔ bɛkɔ so na ɛde basabasayɛ ne asɛdeɛ a enni mu , nneyɛeɛ a ɛnyɛ koraa aba a nnipa a wɔntumi nni wɔn so bɛyɛ."[16]

Wɔsan nso de asodie too Amrado Sir Gerald Creasy (a wɔfrɛɛ no "Crazy Creasy") so sɛ ɔnni ɔman no haw ahosoɔ no ho dwuma.[9] UGCC nwoma no san kaa sɛ: "Working Committee United Gold Coast Convention de to dwa sɛ wɔasiesie wɔn ho na wɔasiesie wɔn ho sɛ wɔbɛfa bere tiaa mu Aban no. Yɛsrɛ wɔ nnipa a wɔhyɛ wɔn so, wɔnka wɔn ho asɛm, wɔanni wɔn so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛtene so na wɔanni wɔn so yie ne wɔn Mpanimfoɔ din mu sɛ wɔmfa "Special Commissioner" nkɔ ntɛm ara sɛ ɔmfa Aban nhyɛ bere tiaa mu Aban a ɛwɔ hɔ no nsa Ɔpanyin ne Nnipa na wɔadi adanse sɛ wɔbɛfrɛ Amansan Mmarahyɛbadwa no ntɛm ara." [15]

Nea Ɛfiri Mu Baeɛ

Basabasayɛ a ɛwɔ Accra, ne nkuro ne nkuro afoforo mu no bɛkɔ so nnanu, na ɛno mu no, wɔfow sotɔɔ ne nnwuma a Asiafoɔ ne Europafoɔ na wɔwɔ nyinaa na guguu pii. [16] Ɛduru Ɔbenim 1 no, na Amrado no de tebea a agye ntɛmpɛ too dwa na wɔde Basabasayɛ Mmara foforo sii hɔ.

Britania atubrafoɔ aban no hyehyɛɛ Watson Commission, [17] [18] a ɛhwehwɛɛ basabasayɛ no tebea mu, na ɛbuee kwan maa amansan mmara mu nsakraeɛ a awieeɛ koraa no ɛkɔ wieeɛ wɔ Ghana ahofadie mu.

Nea ɛfiri basabasayɛ no akyi pɛɛ no ​​bi ne sɛ wɔkyeree "The Big Six" – Kwame Nkrumah ne afoforo a wɔyɛɛ adwumaden wɔ United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) kuo no mu (a wɔne Ebenezer Ako-Adjei, Edward Akufo-Addo, J. B. Danquah) wɔ Ɔbenim bosome 12, 1948 , Emmanuel Obetsebi-Lamptey ne William Ofori Atta), [19] a wɔde asodie too wɔn so sɛ wɔhyehyɛɛ basabasayɛ no , na wɔde wɔn too afiase, ansa na wɔregyaeɛ wɔn bosome baako akyi. UGCC akannifoɔ a wɔkyee wɔn no maa ɛkuo no din kɔɔ soro wɔ ɔman no mu nyinaa na ɛmaa wɔbɛyɛɛ ɔman mu abrane.[20]

Watson Commission no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ 1946 amansan mmara no mfata firi mfiriaseɛ, ɛfiri sɛ anni Gold Coast kurom hɔfoɔ haw ahodoɔ no ho dwuma. Aban Asoeɛ no nso kamfo kyereɛ sɛ wɔmma Gold Coast kwan mma wɔnkyekyere wɔn ankasa mmarahyɛbadwa. Wɔhyehyɛɛ boayikuo bi a ɛmu nnipa yɛ 40 sɛ wɔmmɛ kyekyere ɔman no mmara, a UGCC ananmusifo nnum na ɛwɔ mu. Amrado no yii Kwame Nkrumah, ne afoforɔ, firi boayikuo a wɔkyekyere mmarahyɛbadwa no mu, ɛsane sɛ na ɔsuro sɛ ɔbɛkyekyere amansan mmara a ɛbɛhwehwɛ ahofadie koraa ama atubraman no nti.[21]

Ɛduru afe 1949 no, na Nkrumah ate ne ho afiri UGCC ho akɔhyehyɛ Convention People's Party (CPP), a na asɛmti ne "Self-government now", ne ɔsatu a ɛne "Positive Action". Nkrumah tee ne ho esiane nteaseɛ a ɛnni UGCC akannifoɔ ntam nti.[22]

Wɔ 6 Ɔbenim 1957 no, ɔman no nyaa ahofadie na wɔsesaa ne din yɛɛ no Ghana, na Nkrumah na ɔyɛɛ Ɔmanpanin a ɔdi kan.[16]

Nsɛm a Wɔahyɛ no Nso

Efiri saa bere no, AWAM abɛyɛ asɛmfua a ɛne asisie anaa mfasobom a wonya wɔ Ghana no yɛ ade koro.[8]