Ntɛnkyɛm
- Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu
| subclass of | Morbillivirus infectious disease, viral infectious disease  |
|---|---|
| named after | |
| has immediate cause | measles virus |
| has effect | 2008 measles epidemic in France |
| health specialty | infectious diseases |
| medical examination | physical examination, Koplik's spots, ELISEA, polymerase chain reaction |
| possible treatment | supportive care |
| disease transmission process | airborne transmission |
| ICD-9-CM | 055 |
| ICPC 2 ID | A71 |
| NCI Thesaurus ID | C96406 |
Ntɛkyɛm (brɔfo kasa mu, Measles) yɛ yareɛ a yare mmoawa a wɔfrɛ wɔn ntɛnkyɛm mmoawa (measles virus) de ba[1]. Ɛyɛ ɔmanfo akwahosan ho haw kɛse wɔ Ghana[2][3]. Ɛmfa ho mmɔden a wɔbɔ sɛ wobedi yare no so na wɔayi afi hɔ no, ɔyare no da so ara ba bere ne bere mu, na ɛde ɔmanfo akwahosan to asiane mu, titiriw wɔ mmofra mu[3][4].
Ma ɛde ba[sesa]
Ntɛnkyɛm fi ntɛnkyɛm mmoawa a ɛnam ɔhome mu nsu a ɛfi obi hɔ gu nipadua no so no mu na ɛba[2][5]. Ɛka mmofra titiriw, na ɛde nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den ba na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wowuwu. Wɔ Ghana no, Ntɛnkyɛm a ɛba no asesa wɔ mfe ne mfe ntamu, na beaɛ a ɔyaredɔm kɛse yi ɛpae gu paa yɛ mmeaɛ a nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban no sua (low vaccination coverage)[2].
Ntɛnkyɛm yi a wobetumi asiw ano mpo no kunkum nnipa bɛyɛ 136,000 wɔ afe 2022 mu, na wɔn a ekum wɔn no mu dodow no ara yɛ mmofra a wonnii mfe anum[2]. Eyi sii yɛ ɛmfa ho sɛ nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban a ahobammɔ wom na etu mpɔn wɔ hɔ no. Wɔ mmɔdenbɔ ahorow yi nyinaa akyi no, nsɛnnennen te sɛ nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban a wonya no ntɛm, nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma ho nsɛm, ne akwahosan ho nhyehyɛe a ɛnsɛ asiw yare no a wobeyi afi hɔ koraa no kwan.
Sɛnkyerɛnne[sesa]
Nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ no taa ba nnafua 10–12 akyi abere a obi anya yareɛ no akyi na etumi di nnafua 7–10[2]. Mpɛn pii no, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a edi kan no bi ne ahoɔhyeɛ, a ɛtaa boro 40 °C (104 °F), ɔfe, hwenemu nsuo, ne aniwa a ɛyɛ fitaa. Ebia nsensanee fitaa nketenkete a wɔfrɛ no Koplik nsensanee no bɛda adi wɔ ano no mu wɔ nna abien anaa abiɛsa akyi bere a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne afi ase no[1].
Ntɛnkyɛm kɔkɔɔ a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛtaa fi ase wɔ anim na afei ɛtrɛw kɔ nipadua no fã a aka no taa fi ase wɔ nnansa kosi nna anum akyi bere a yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne afi ase no[1].
Nsɔano[sesa]
Ntɛnkyɛm aduru a wɔde aba Ghana Dwumadi a Wɔatrɛw mu a ɛfa Nnuru a Wɔde Ko Tia Nyarewa Ho (EPI) mu no ama Ntɛnkyɛma ɛba no so atew kɛse[6]. Wɔtaa de vaccine no ma mmofra a wɔadi asram 9, na wɔde paneɛbɔ a wɔde di akyi no yɛ Ntɛnkyɛm-rubella (MR) nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban ɔsatu no fã[7].
Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobeyi Ntɛnkyɛm afi hɔ wɔ Ghana no, ɛsɛ sɛ wodi nsɛnnennen pii ho dwuma, a nea ɛka ho ne sɛ wɔbɛma mpɔntu aba wɔ nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban ho, akwahosan ho nhyehyɛe a wɔbɛhyɛ mu den, ne nsɛm a ɛnteɛ a wɔbɛko atia wɔ nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban ho. Mmoa a ɛkɔ so fi amanaman ntam kuw ne aban hɔ no ho hia paa na ama wɔadi saa akwansideɛ yi so na wɔahwɛ sɛ Ghanafoɔ nyinaa bɛnya akwahosan ne yiedie.
Wɔ aman a afei na wɔrenya nkɔso a ntɛnkyɛm abu so mu no, Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde (WHO) kamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban mprenu, bere a wɔadi asram asia ne akron ndi dwuma. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma abofra no saa aduro yi sɛ ebia ɔwɔ HIV anaasɛ onni bi no[8].
Wɔ Ghana[sesa]
Ghana ahyia ntɛnkyɛm ho nsɛm mpɛn pii, na ɛkyerɛ nsonsonoe a ɛwɔ nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfo ho ban a enni hɔ mu ne hia a ehia sɛ wɔhwɛ so yiye[3][9]. Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, wɔ afe 2020 mu no, Ghana Health Service bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ ɔyaredɔm yi pae gui wɔ Atifi Mantam mu, a wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛnam nnuru a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfoɔ ho ban a ɛsua ne paneɛbɔ nhyehyɛeɛ ho nneɛma a ɛkaa akyi osiane COVID-19 yareɛ no nti[10].
Ɔmanfo Akwahosan ho Nhyehyeɛ[sesa]
Ghana aban no ne amanaman ntam ahyehyɛdeɛ te sɛ Wiase Akwahosan Ahyehyɛdeɛ (WHO) ne UNICEF ayɛ adwuma abom de ama akisikuru a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban no atu mpɔn denam ɔsatuo a wɔde bɔ nkurɔfoɔ ho ban dodoɔ ne nnuru a wɔde bɔ wɔn ho ban daa wɔde yɛ adwuma[7][9].
Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa fii[sesa]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 CDC (2024-05-10), Measles Symptoms and Complications (in American English), retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Measles (in English), retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 PMC PubMed Central (2023-03-31), "Measles outbreak in Northern Ghana highlights vaccine shortage crisis", New Microbes and New Infections, vol. 53, p. 101124, doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2023.101124, ISSN 2052-2975, retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ Ghana: number of measles cases (in English), retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ CDC (2024-04-23), Measles (Rubeola) (in American English), retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ Amara Alhaji Sheriff, Adam Zakariah, Samuel Dapaa, Magdalene A. Odikro, Razak G. Issahaku, Delia Bandoh, Charles L. Noora, Gebrekrstos N. Gebru, Ernest Kenu (2023-03-29), "Ghana's progress towards measles elimination: Surveillance data analysis, Greater Accra Region, 2015 – 2019", Frontiers in Tropical Diseases (in English), vol. 4, doi:10.3389/fitd.2023.1071486, ISSN 2673-7515, retrieved 2024-06-23
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Immunization | UNICEF Ghana (in English), retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ Oɔford Academy, Evaluation of the Immune Response to a 2-Dose Measles Vaccination Schedule Administered at 6 and 9 Months of Age to HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Children in Malawi, retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Ghana launches a nationwide campaign to fight Measles-Rubella (in English), 2024-06-21, retrieved 2024-06-23
- ↑ PubMed (2024-03-19), Trend of measles-rubella vaccination coverage and impact on measles epidemiology in the Savannah Region, Ghana; 2018-2022