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Kwashiorkor

Ɛfi Wikipedia
Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu
kwashiorkor
class of disease
subclass ofprotein-energy malnutrition, Nyarewa, dystrophy, protein deficiency Sesa
discoverer or inventorCicely Williams Sesa
health specialtyendocrinology Sesa
ICD-9-CM260 Sesa

Asɛmfua Kwashiorkor firi Nkran kasa mu.[1] Ɛyɛ yadeɛ bi a sɛ ɛyɛ obi a na ama ne yafunu ayɛ kɛseɛ. Mmɔfra na wɔnya. Wɔnya wɔ berɛ a wɔnni nnuane a ɛbɛma wɔn nnuane nnuro bi te sɛ. Deɛ ɛma yadeɛ no da adi pa ara ne sɛ abɔfra no bɛfɔn na ne yafunu nso ayɛ kɛseɛ . Nhehwɛmu kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ mmɔfra di adeɛ bi a, wɔfrɛ no calorie kɛse sene nnuane a protein wɔ mu a na ɛkɔfa kwashiorkor yi ba. Nhwehwɛmu a apɔmuden adwumayɛfoɔ ayɛ nansa yi dan no adi pefee sɛ sɛ nnuane nnuro bi te sɛ Vitamin C nso tɔ sin wɔ abɔfra aduane mu a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ ɔbɛnya kwashiorkor.[2] Yɛnim pefeee sɛ sɛ saa nnuane nnuro yi tɔ sin wɔ abɔfra mu a ɛtumi ma ɔnya kwashiorkor. Nanso, kwan a kwashiorkor no fa so ba anaa nneɛma nkaeɛ a ɛde ba no deɛ, apɔmuden adwumayɛfoɔ ntumi nnaa no adi.[3]

Abakɔsɛm Kakra[sesa]

Nhwehwɛmu pii na wɔfiri mmerɛ tenten ayɛ afa yadeɛ kwashiorkor ho wɔ wiase afa nnan nyinaa.[4] Nanso, Jamaica dɔkota Cicely Williams a ɔhwɛ mmɔfra nhwehwɛmu a ɔyɛeɛ no na agye din pa ara. Ɔyɛɛ ne nhwehwɛmu no wɔ afe apem, ahankron ne aduasa num. Deɛ nti a ne deɛ no gyee din ne sɛ, ɔno na watumi akyerɛ yadeɛ kwashiorkor mu yie pa ara. Wɔde nidie kɛseɛ ma no esiane sɛ ɔno na ɔdii kan yɛ kwashiorkor ho nhwehwɛmu ansa na afoforɔ nso rebɛtoa so. Ɔno na ɔdii kan kaa sɛ yadeɛ no ase firi protein sintɔ mu.[5][6] Wɔnyaa din kwashiorkor no firii Nkran kasa mu wɔ Ghana. Ne nkyerɛaseɛ ne sɛ " yadeɛ a ɛma akwadaa toro".[7] Nhwehwɛmufoɔ kyerɛ a, ɛhyɛ wɔ nufunsuo ma mu. Wɔn a wɔntaa nnom nufunsuo no taa nya kwashiorkor.[8]

Nsɛnkyerɛnne[sesa]

Kwashiorkor ho nsɛnkyerɛnne baako pa arane ahonhono. Ahonhono no gu ahodoɔ bebree. Deɛ obi nya kwashiorkor a yɛhunu no yɛ deɛ ɛwɔ nipa no afu. Edin a apɔmuden adwumayɛfoɔ de frɛ no ne endema. Sɛ nsuo bi gyina nipadua no baabi te sɛ nafuru mu, ne nan ase anaa baabi foforɔ bi na sɛ baabi a nsuo no gyina no hono a, ɛno na yɛfrɛ no endema. Esiane sɛ protein nni abɔfra no nipadua mu a ɛbɛte starch a cabohydrate gya wɔ nipadua no mu no so nyi, calorie bɛdɔɔso. Afei, ɛma nsuo gyina abɔfra no yafunu mu. Na ɛhyɛ aseɛ hono Yafunu hono. Ɛwom sɛ yafunu no hono a ɛma abɔfra no ho ntene no deɛ, nanso, ɛnyɛ adeɛ a ɛyɛ ya. Sɛ abɔfra bi yafunu hyɛ na sɛ ɔte yaw a ɔntumi nnyina ano a, wɔnhyɛ no nso sɛ ɛnyɛ Kwashiorkor na mmom yareɛ foforɔ bi a ebia ɛyɛ hu mpo sene kwashiorkor.[2]

Deɛ Ɛde Ba[sesa]

Nneɛma a ɛkeka bom de kwashiorkor ba no ho asɛm ka akɔyɛ Boakye bi din. Wɔntumi nhyɛ da nsi no pi.[9][10][11] Bebree na nkorɔfoɔ aka. Nanso ne nyinaa yɛ deɛ ɛgyina Williams deɛ no so. Wɔnyɛɛ da nnaa ade foforɔ biara adi bio.[9][11][12]

Nsɔano[sesa]

Ɛkwan titriw a wɔbɛtumi afa so asɔ kwashiorkor ano ne sɛ wɔbɛma protein adɔɔso wɔ mmɔfra aduane mu asene cabohydrate.[11] [13]

Beaeɛ a Menyaa Mmoa Firiiɛ[sesa]

  1. ↑ Nhwɛsoɔ:Cite LPD
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Pham, Thi-Phuong-Thao; Alou, Maryam Tidjani; Golden, Michael H.; Million, Matthieu; Raoult, Didier (January 2021). "Difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus: Comparative meta-analysis of pathogenic characteristics and implications for treatment". Microbial Pathogenesis. 150: 104702. doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104702. PMID 33359074. S2CID 229694345. Archived from the original on 10 February 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
  3. ↑ Liu T, Howard RM, Mancini AJ, Weston WL, Paller AS, Drolet BA, et al. (2001). "Kwashiorkor in the United States: fad diets, perceived and true milk allergy, and nutritional ignorance". Archives of Dermatology. 137 (5): 630–6. PMID 11346341.Nhwɛsoɔ:Dead link
  4. ↑ Nott, John (May 2021). "'No one may starve in the British Empire': Kwashiorkor, Protein and the Politics of Nutrition Between Britain and Africa". Social History of Medicine. 34 (2): 553–576. doi:10.1093/shm/hkz107. PMC 8162845. PMID 34084092.
  5. ↑ Williams CD (1983) [1933]. "Fifty years ago. Archives of Diseases in Childhood 1933. A nutritional disease of childhood associated with a maize diet". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 58 (7): 550–60. doi:10.1136/adc.58.7.550. PMC 1628206. PMID 6347092.
  6. ↑ Williams CD, Oxon BM, Lond H (1935). "Kwashiorkor: a nutritional disease of children associated with a maize diet. 1935". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 81 (12): 912–3. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)94666-X. PMC 2572388. PMID 14997245. Reprint: Williams CD, Oxon BM, Lond H (2003). "Kwashiorkor: a nutritional disease of children associated with a maize diet. 1935". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 81 (12): 912–3. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)94666-X. PMC 2572388. PMID 14997245.
  7. ↑ Stanton, J. (2001). "Listening to the Ga: Cicely Williams' Discovery of Kwashiorkor on the Gold Coast" (PDF). Women and Modern Medicine. Clio Medica. Vol. 61. pp. 149–171. doi:10.1163/9789004333390_008. ISBN 978-90-04-33339-0. PMID 11603151. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  8. ↑ Velly H, Britton RA, Preidis GA (2017). "Mechanisms of cross-talk between the diet, the intestinal microbiome, and the undernourished host". Gut Microbes. 8 (2): 98–112. doi:10.1080/19490976.2016.1267888. PMC 5390823. PMID 27918230.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Briend A (2014). "Kwashiorkor: still an enigma – the search must go on" (PDF). Emergency Nutrition Network. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 February 2022. Retrieved 2019-08-02.
  10. ↑ Pham, Thi-Phuong-Thao; Tidjani Alou, Maryam; Bachar, Dipankar; Levasseur, Anthony; Brah, Souleymane; Alhousseini, Daouda; Sokhna, Cheikh; Diallo, Aldiouma; Wieringa, Frank; Million, Matthieu; Raoult, Didier (December 2019). "Gut Microbiota Alteration is Characterized by a Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria Bloom in Kwashiorkor and a Bacteroidetes Paucity in Marasmus". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 9084. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.9084P. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45611-3. PMC 6591176. PMID 31235833.Nhwɛsoɔ:Retracted
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Smith, Michelle I.; Yatsunenko, Tanya; Manary, Mark J.; Trehan, Indi; Mkakosya, Rajhab; Cheng, Jiye; Kau, Andrew L.; Rich, Stephen S.; Concannon, Patrick; Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.; Liu, Jie; Houpt, Eric; Li, Jia V.; Holmes, Elaine; Nicholson, Jeremy; Knights, Dan; Ursell, Luke K.; Knight, Rob; Gordon, Jeffrey I. (February 2013). "Gut Microbiomes of Malawian Twin Pairs Discordant for Kwashiorkor". Science. 339 (6119): 548–554. Bibcode:2013Sci...339..548S. doi:10.1126/science.1229000. PMC 3667500. PMID 23363771.
  12. ↑ Velly H, Britton RA, Preidis GA (2017). "Mechanisms of cross-talk between the diet, the intestinal microbiome, and the undernourished host". Gut Microbes. 8 (2): 98–112. doi:10.1080/19490976.2016.1267888. PMC 5390823. PMID 27918230.
  13. ↑ Grover, Zubin; Ee, Looi C. (October 2009). "Protein Energy Malnutrition". Pediatric Clinics of North America. 56 (5): 1055–1068. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2009.07.001. PMID 19931063.
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