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Nnwodwoɔ

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Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu
Stroke
CT scan of the brain showing a prior right-sided ischemic stroke from blockage of an artery. Changes on a CT may not be visible early on.
Specialty Neurology, stroke medicine
Symptoms Inability to move or feel on one side of the body, problems understanding or speaking, dizziness, loss of vision to one side
Complications Persistent vegetative state
Causes Ischemic (blockage) and hemorrhagic (bleeding)
Risk factors Age, high blood pressure, tobacco smoking, obesity, high blood cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, previous TIA, end-stage kidney disease, atrial fibrillation
Diagnostic method Based on symptoms with medical imaging typically used to rule out bleeding
Differential diagnosis Low blood sugar
Treatment Based on the type
Prognosis Average life expectancy 1 year
Frequency 42.4 million (2015)
Deaths 6.3 million (2015)

Nnwodwoɔ(a wɔsan frɛ no cerebrovascular accident(CVA) anaa brain attack)yɛ yareɛ a mogya ntumi nni aforosane wɔ adwene no mu na ne saa no ma adwene no ɛwu.[1]Yɛwɔ nnwodwoɔ ahodoɔ mmienu:ischemic,a ɛsi ɛsiane mogya a ɛntumi nni aforosane no nti,ne hemorrhagic,a ɛsi ɛsiane mogyatuo nti.[2]Ne mmienu nyinaa tumi ma adwene no fa baabi gyae adwuma yɛ.[3]

Nnwodwoɔ ho nsɛnkyerɛnne ne mpopoeɛ no bi ne sɛ worentumi nfa nipadua no fa baabi nni dwuma,worentumi nte asɛm anaa nkasa,anisobiri,anaa sɛ w’ani baako nhunu adeɛ.[4][5]Ɛho nsɛnkyerɛnne ne mpopoeɛ no ba berɛ a nnwodwoɔ asi no.[6]Sɛ mpopoeɛ no di bɛyɛ sɛ dɔnhwere baako anaa mmienu a,wɔkasɛ ɛyɛ ischemic(TIA),a wɔsan frɛ no nnwodwoɔ a ɛnkyɛ.Hemorrhagic nnwodwoɔ de tipaeɛ ba.[7]Nnwodwoɔ ho mpopoeɛ no bɛtumi aka hɔ koraa a ɛnkɔ bio.[8]Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛkyɛ no de ahurututuo mu yareɛ ne dwonsɔtwaa no ho bɛto kyema ba.[9]

Deɛ ɛma nnwodwoɔ yɛ hu ne mogyaborosoɔ.[10]Ahodoɔ binom ne mogya mu sradeɛ a ɛkɔ soro,nnubɔnenom,npadua no mu sradeɛ bebree,asikyireyareɛ,TIA dada,sawa mu yareɛ,ne akoma a ɛbɔ ntɛntɛm.[11][12]Nnwodwoɔ a ɛyɛ ischemic no,mogya no mu ntini sisi,ɛwɔ mu yɛwɔ nneɛma binom a ɛtumi de ba nso.[13][14][15]Nnwodwoɔ a ɛyɛ hemorrhagic no,mogya a ɛkɔ adwene no mu anaa sɛ mogya a ɛtu wɔ adwene nwoma no mu na ɛde ba.[16]Mogyatuo no si ɛsiane adwene no baabi a ato kyema nti.[17]Ɛho nhwehwɛmu no gyina nsɔhwɛ so ne mfoninitwa bi te sɛ CT scan anaa sɛ MRI scan.[18]CT scan no bɛtumi ama mogyatuo no agyae,nanso ɛrentumi nsi ischemic ano,a kane no na worenhunu no wɔ CT scan so no.[19]Wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ ahodoɔ bi te electrocardiogram(ECG)ne mogya mu sɔhwɛ de hunu nneɛma binom a ɛyɛ hu na wɔayi deɛ ɛbɛtumi de aba no afiri hɔ.Sɛ asikyire sua wɔ nipadua no mu a,ɛtumi de saa mpopoeɛ no ba.[20]

Nsɔano

[sesa]

Nsɔano no bi ne sɛ worete nneɛma a ɛyɛ hu na ɛbɛtumi de nnwodwoɔ aba no so,sɛɛgyiri a wɔbue ntini no mu de kɔ adwene no mu wɔ wɔn a ɛyɛ problematic carotid narrowing,ne nnipa a warfarin wɔ wɔn mu na wɔn akoma bɔ ntɛm no.Dɔkotafoɔ tumi kamfo Aspirin anaa sɛ statins nnuro sɛ ɛyɛ na ɛtumi si nnwodwoɔ ano.Nnwodwoɔ yɛ yareɛ a ano yɛ den.[21]Nnwodwoɔ a ɛyɛ ischemic no,sɛ wohunu no bɛyɛ dɔnhwere mmiɛnsa de kɔ nnan ne dɔnhwere fa a,wɔbɛtumi de nnuro bi asi ano a ɛbɛnane mogya a ada no,[22]na nnwodwoɔ a ɛyɛ hemorrhagic no,wɔyɛ sɛɛgyiri.Ayarehwɛ a wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛma faako a adwodwo no asane aba nkwa mu no,wɔfrɛ no nnwodwoɔ nsiesie(stroke rehabilitation),na ɛkɔ so wɔ baabi a wɔsa nnwodwoɔ yareɛ no: mmom worenhunu weinom wɔ wiase afanaa nyinaa.[23]

Ntotoeɛ

[sesa]

Nnwodwoɔ,sɛ ɛyɛ ischemic anaa sɛ hemorrhagic no,ano yɛ den na ɛhia sɛ wɔsɔ ano ntɛm[24][25].Ɛho ayarehwɛ pɔtee no gyina nnwodwoɔ korɔ no so,berɛ no twam firi mpopoeɛ no ahyɛaseɛ,ne deɛ ɛde baeɛ no so.[26]

Ɛpidɛmiolɔgyi

[sesa]

Ɛyɛ afe mpem mmienu ne dubaako mu no,na nnwodwoɔ ne yareɛ a ɛtɔ so mmienu a ɛkum nnipa pa ara,wiase afanaa nyinaa,a wuo no yɛ ɔpepem nsia akyiri pɔ mmienu(6.2 million)(Wuo dodoɔ no nyinaa ɔha mu nkyekyɛmu dubaako,11%).[27]

Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ nnipa ɔpepem dunson(17million) na wɔnyaa nnwodwoɔ wɔ afe mpem mmienu ne du no mu na nnipa ɔpepem aduasa mmiɛnsa nso na wɔnyaa nnwodwoɔ a wɔda so te ase.[28]Bɛyɛ afe apem dunkron ne aduokron ne afe mpem mmienu ne du ntam no,mpɛn dodoɔ a na nnwodwoɔ si no so teeɛ bɛyɛ ɔha mu nkyekyɛmu du wɔ aman a wɔakɔ wɔn anim no.Ne nyinaa mu no,sɛ wofa no nkyekyɛmu mmiɛnsa a,ɛmu mmienu na wɔyɛ mpaninfoɔ a wɔadi mfeɛ aduosianum.Sɛ wokɔ Asia anaafoɔ fa mu a,nnwodwoɔ ano yɛ den wɔ hɔ pa ara,na nnipa ɛwu wɔ hɔ no bɛyɛ ɔha mu nkyekyɛmu aduanan,wiase afanaa nyinaa.[29]Nnwodwoɔ a ɛyɛ ischemic no si mpɛn dodoɔ du kyɛn haemorrhagic nnwodwoɔ no.[30]

Nhwehwɛmu

[sesa]

Bɛyɛ sɛ afe mpem mmienu ne dunson(2017)no,na angioplasty ne stents reyɛ nhwehwɛmu ahunu ayarehwɛ ho mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ saa nhyehyɛeɛ no mu de atoto statins,antithrombotics,anaa antihypertensive nnuro ayarehwɛ ho.

Hwɛ Nso

[sesa]

Beaeɛ A Menyaa Mmoa Firiiɛ

[sesa]
  1. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  2. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  3. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  4. ↑ Geoffrey A. Donnan, Marc Fisher, Malcolm Macleod, Stephen M. Davis (2008-05-10), "Stroke", Lancet (London, England), vol. 371, no. 9624, pp. 1612–1623, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7, ISSN 1474-547X, PMID 18468545, retrieved 2024-07-01{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ↑ Stroke - Symptoms | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  6. ↑ Stroke - Symptoms | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  7. ↑ Stroke - Symptoms | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  8. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  9. ↑ Stroke - Symptoms | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  10. ↑ Stroke - Causes and Risk Factors | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  11. ↑ Austin Hu, Jingbo Niu, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer (2018-11), "Oral Anticoagulation in Patients with End-stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation", Seminars in nephrology, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 618–628, doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006, ISSN 0270-9295, PMC 6233322, PMID 30413255, retrieved 2024-07-01 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ↑ Stroke - Causes and Risk Factors | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  13. ↑ Valery L. Feigin, Gabriel J.E. Rinkel, Carlene M.M. Lawes, Ale Algra, Derrick A. Bennett, Jan van Gijn, Craig S. Anderson (2005-12), "Risk Factors for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Updated Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies", Stroke (in English), vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 2773–2780, doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8, ISSN 0039-2499, retrieved 2024-07-01 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ↑ Karen L. Roos (2012-03-08), Emergency Neurology (in English), Springer Science & Business Media, ISBN 978-0-387-88584-1, retrieved 2024-07-01
  15. ↑ Robert J. Wityk, Rafael H. Llinas (2007), Stroke (in English), ACP Press, ISBN 978-1-930513-70-9, retrieved 2024-07-01
  16. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  17. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  18. ↑ Stroke - Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  19. ↑ Kenneth S. Yew, Eric Cheng (2009-07-01), "Acute Stroke Diagnosis", American family physician, vol. 80, no. 1, pp. 33–40, ISSN 0002-838X, PMC 2722757, PMID 19621844, retrieved 2024-07-01
  20. ↑ Stroke - Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  21. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  22. ↑ https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Stroke-Donnan-Fisher/1826827d3360e7652e588df5492fc1e9f109c8e4, retrieved 2024-07-01 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  23. ↑ Geoffrey A Donnan, Marc Fisher, Malcolm Macleod, Stephen M Davis (2008-05), "Stroke", The Lancet (in English), vol. 371, no. 9624, pp. 1612–1623, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7, retrieved 2024-07-01 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  24. ↑ Stroke - What Is a Stroke? | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  25. ↑ Stroke - Treatment | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  26. ↑ Stroke - Treatment | NHLBI, NIH (in English), 2023-05-26, retrieved 2024-07-01
  27. ↑ The top 10 causes of death (in English), retrieved 2024-07-01
  28. ↑ Valery L Feigin, Mohammad H Forouzanfar, Rita Krishnamurthi, George A Mensah, Myles Connor, Derrick A Bennett, Andrew E Moran, Ralph L Sacco, Laurie Anderson, Thomas Truelsen, Martin O’Donnell, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Carlene M M Lawes, Wenzhi Wang, Yukito Shinohara, Emma Witt, Majid Ezzati, Mohsen Naghavi, Christopher Murray (2014-01-18), "Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990–2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010", Lancet, vol. 383, no. 9913, pp. 245–254, ISSN 0140-6736, PMC 4181600, PMID 24449944, retrieved 2024-07-01{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  29. ↑ Overview (in American English), retrieved 2024-07-01
  30. ↑ Klaus Kaae Andersen, Tom Skyhøj Olsen, Christian Dehlendorff, Lars Peter Kammersgaard (2009-06), "Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Strokes Compared: Stroke Severity, Mortality, and Risk Factors", Stroke (in English), vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 2068–2072, doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.540112, ISSN 0039-2499, retrieved 2024-07-01 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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