Abaayewa
Abayewa yɛ ɔbaa a ɔsua, Mpempii no abɔfra anaa nea waduru ne mpaninfie so. Sɛ abayewa bɛ nyini a wɔfrɛ no maame Ne saa nti wɔde abayewa ma nkyereaseɛ pii te sɛ going woman,[1]na ɛtɔ mmerɛ a ɛne babaa sɛ,[2] Wɔn nsɛm bi mu no, abayewa a wɔde ma maame no bɛtumi ayɛ pɛ. Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde ma mpaninfoɔ, ne maame, de kyerɛ panin bi adamfo. Abayewa nso ba portmanteaus (nsɛm a yɛaka abom) te sɛ showgirl, cowgirl ne schoolgirl. Nteteeɛ ne diberɛ a wɔde ma mmaa wɔ mpɔtam no ne maamefoɔ diberɛ wɔ saa amammerɛ no mu sɛ. Wɔ amammerɛ a mma diberɛ nso no, mmaayewa ho nhia mma wɔn awofoɔ, na ɔman no mfa wɔnho nhyɛmu mmoa mmaayewa no pii. Mmaa nteteeɛ firi sɛ ɛne mmarima yɛpɛ na wɔ dwumadie nso da nso.
N'abɔseɛ[sesa]
Edin abayewa dii kan pii wɔ Middle ages wɔ 1250 ne 1300CE ntam na ɛfirii Anglo-Saxon din gerle mu ( a wɔtwerɛ no girle anaasɛ girle).[3]Anglo-Saxon edin gerela kyerɛ ataadeɛ anaa ntadeɛ ho nnoɔma nso bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɔde frɛ no wɔ kwan bi so.[1]Kɔpem 1400 mu na, edin no bɛyɛɛ abɔfra maa ɔbaa anaa barima, na ɛkyerɛ abɔfra a ɔyɛ ɔbaa firi 1500 century.[4]
Usage for adult women[sesa]
[1]Ɛtɔ da a wɔde edin abayewa gyina hɔ ma ɔbaa a ɔyɛ panin, ne titire nea ɔsua. Saa edin yi nkyerɛ adebuo wɔ nsɛm a ewie pɛyɛ mu, te sɛ edin abarimaa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde ma panin a ɔyɛ barima. Nti, saa din no yɛnnye ntom. [1]Wɔbɛtumi de afi dwuma sɛ ɔpɛsɛ ɔde yɛ nyiyimu tia mmɔfra a(nhwɛsoɔ, woyɛ abayewa kɛkɛ). Abayewa bɛtumi ayɛ edin a wɛde ma mmaa yɛfa wɔn sɛ ntamgyinafoɔ anaasɛ badwamu ntamgyinafoɔ te sɛ showgirl na sɛ ɛba no sei a yɛmfa no sɛ ne tumi no so ate. Wɔ dabiara nsɛm mu no, edin no wɔ nea ɛfa papa ho, sɛdeɛ ɛwɔ nyinasoɔ wɔ nwom ahodoɔ a agyedin nom. Nnipa pii de di agorɔ (Canada nwontoni Nelly Furtada "Promiscuous Girl") anaa ɛkwan a ɛka mmaa a wadi mfeɛ ahodoɔ bom wɔ nyinasoɔ sɛ wayɛ sɛ abayewa pɛn(America nwontoni Martin a McBride'Thos one's for the Girls").
Abakɔsɛm[sesa]
Abayewa diberɛ wɔ wiase abakɔsɛm mu no te sɛ mmaa diberɛ wɔ amammerɛ mu. Baabi a mmaa ne mmarima nya diberɛ baako no, mmayewa no ya mfasoɔ firi hɔ.
Mmaa Sukuukɔ[sesa]
Mmayewaa nwomasua yɛ adeɛ a ɛho nhia kyɛn mmarima. Wɔ Europe na wɔyi wɔn firi mu kɔpem sɛ baabi a yɛyɛ nnwoma ma atwerɛ terɛ wiase nyinaa. Nnipa baako a ne ho hia a wɔanyi amfirii mu ne Queen Elizabeth I. Wɔ ne nsɛm mu no, na ɔyɛ abɔfra no, na ɛwɔ ahennie diberɛ bi, na n'abrabɔ bɛdaa nsensɛn wɔ amanyɔsɛm mu wɔ ekuomma bi a wɔwɔ tumi wɔ asɛnnibea hɔ. Ɔdii ne maame Anne Boleyn akyire no, wanye Elizabeth antom. Henry VIII bɔɔ ne nwomasua no fuiɛ. Henry VIII kunani baa, Catherine Parr anigyee Elizabeth nsusuiɛ no ho, na ɔgye ne tirimpɔ no tom boa no maa nwomasua a ɛsɔ ani berɛ a Henry wui ko akyire, ɛhyɛɛ aseɛ berɛ a na Elizabeth wɔ mfeɛ nkron.[5] Elizabeth kɔɔ sukuu ne mmarima a wɔn diberɛ so no te sɛ aritocrat nnyinaa bɛyɛɛ pɛ, ɔkɔɔ sukuu wɔ Latin, Latin, Greek, Spanish, French, philosophy, history, mathematics ne nnwom. Wɔkyerɛ mu sɛ Elizabeth sukuu papa a ɔkɔɔ no na aboa no ama no adi yie.[6]Wɔ 18th century mu no, Europeanfoɔ hunuu mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ nwomasua mu, na wɔbuu sukuu ma no kyerɛɛ dɔm na wɔn dɔɔso. Nwomasua a ɛwɔ France no boa maa mmaa bɛyɛ mmiɛnsa bɛyɛ akragyefoɔ berɛ a French baeɛ no, a na ɛne mmarima fa da nso.[7] Na nwomasua nyɛ adeɛ a wɔsusu sɛ ɛhia ma mmaa te sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ ma mmarima no, a yɛtete wɔ ma wɔyɛ adwuma pa na wɔmfa mmaa nkɔ ntoasoɔ sukuu wɔ France kɔpem 19th century. Na mmaa nyɛ Baccalaureate diploma wɔ France kɔpem sɛ 1924 mu no ɔsoafoɔ a ɔhwɛ nnwomasua so Léon Bernard de nhyehyɛeɛ foforɔ baeɛ. Wɔyii suku firii France kɔpem sɛ sɛ World war II kɔɔ awieɛ. Ɛfiri hɔ, ɔhyɛ nwomasua mmara ama mmayewa sukuukɔ aka n'anim wɔ Europe. Wɔ Europe aman pii mu no, wɔsii mmaa Sukuukɔ ho kwan kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson, ne titire wɔ baabia ɛwɔ soro. Wɔyɛɛ wei berɛ a wɔkyerɛ mmaa ne mmarima nnoɔma a ɛnsɛ, ne titire na mmarima nkoa na ɛkɔ suapɔn, wɔ baabia wɔkyerɛ nsaano nnwuma.Nhwɛsoɔ, engineering sukuu a agyedin bi te sɛ École Polytechnique, annyɛ mmaa kɔpem afe apem ahankron ne aduoson.[8]
Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ[sesa]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Dictionary.com, "Girl". Retrieved January 2, 2008
- ↑ http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/girl
- ↑ Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), girl Archived 2009-01-22 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 2 January 2008
- ↑ Online Etymology Dictionary, girl, retrieved 2 January 2008
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20121116032106/https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-childhood-and-education-of-elizabeth-i/5235.html
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/elizabeth_i_01.shtml
- ↑ Melton, James Van Horn. (2001). The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ https://www.polytechnique.edu/en/1958totoday