The Return of the Axum Obelisk to Ethiopia
Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei wɔ Asante Twi mu
Axum Obelisk no a wɔsan de maa Ethiopia no gyina hɔ sɛ Afrika abakɔsɛm ho mmɔdemmɔ a ɛrekɔ so nnɛ no mu baako a mfasoɔ wɔ so paa. Italy asraafoɔ too hyɛɛ Ethiopia so wɔ afe 1937 mu, na nkaedum no tenaa Roma bɛyɛ mfeɛ aduɔson. Berɛ a wɔsan de no baa ɔman no mu wɔ afe 2005 mu no, na ɛyɛ berɛ titire wɔ abakɔsɛm mu a wɔde dii amammuo mu ntɛnkyea ho dwuma, na wɔde amammerɛ mu agyapadeɛ no san baa baabi a ɛsɛ sɛ ɛkɔ.
Abakɔsɛm
[sesa]Axum Obelisk no yɛ nkaedum akɛse pii a wosii wɔ tete kuro Axum (anaa Aksum), a berɛ bi na ɛyɛ Aksum Ahemman no ahenkurow no mu baako. Obelisk no a wɔatwa no afi ɔbotan biako mu a ne tenten yɛ mita 24 no fi afeha a ɛto so 4 Y.B. mu, na ɛyɛ Asumfoɔ amammerɛ ho nimdeɛ ne wɔn adwinni ho sɛnkyerɛnne[1]. Na wɔhyehyɛ abo a ɛyɛ fɛ wɔ so no sɛ wɔn a wodi tumi ne wɔn a wɔagye din no adamoa, na mpɛn pii no, na wɔakyerɛw nneɛma bi wɔ so na wɔde ahyɛnsode ahyehyɛ ho.
Bere a Italyfoɔ dii Ethiopia so (1936-1941) no, Benito Mussolini hyɛɛ sɛ wɔnkɔfa Axum Obelisk no nkɔto Roma sɛ fascist ahemman no nkonimdie ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Wɔde sii Circus Maximus no nkyɛn, na ɛtenaa hɔ mfeɛ 68, ɛmfa ho sɛ na Wiase Ko II akyi no, wɔyɛɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wɔbɛsan de asi hɔ.
Hwehwɛ a wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔsane de wɔn ba ne amanaman ntam nhyɛsoɔ
[sesa]Bere a Italyfo twaa kurow no so wɔ afe 1941 mu no, Ethiopiafoɔ kɔɔ so srɛɛ sɛ wɔnsan mfa abantenten no mma wɔn. Amanaman Nkabom ne Italy asomdwoeɛ apam a wɔyɛɛ no afe 1947 no mu asɛm 37 hyɛe sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ Italy aban de amammerɛ ho agyapade a wɔagye nyinaa san ma wɔn a wɔfi wɔn man mu no[2]. Nanso, nneɛma a na ɛho hia ne amanyɔfoɔ a na wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔyɛ ho biribi no ma wotwentwɛn wɔn nan ase mfe pii.
Amanaman ntam nkitahodi a ɛrekɔ so wɔ agyapade no ho a wɔsan de ma no, ne mmɔden a Ethiopia bɔe sɛ wɔbɛma agyapade no asan akɔ hɔ no maa nkurɔfo a na wɔrehwehwɛ sɛ wɔsan de abantenten no ma no nyaa ahoɔden foforo wɔ 1990 mfe no mu. Amanaman Nkabom Nhomasua, Nyansahu ne Amammerɛ Ahyehyɛdeɛ (UNESCO) dii dwuma titire wɔ nkɔmmɔ ne nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔyɛe sɛ wɔde nkaedum no bɛba ɔman no mu dwoodwoo no mu[3][4].
Sɛdeɛ wɔsan de wɔn kɔɔ wɔn asase so
[sesa]Awieeɛ koraa no, wɔ afe 2003 mu no, Italy aban no penee so sɛ wɔbɛsan de abantenten no ama. Na ɔkwan a wɔfa so de nkaedum no ba fie no mu yɛ den, na na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtetew nkaedum no mu yɛ abiɛsa, na wɔde Antonov hyɛn a wɔde fa nneɛma kɔ no fa wim, na wɔsan de no kɔto hɔ wɔ Axum. Wɔwieeɛ ɔdan no siesie wɔ Oforisuo bosome wɔ afe 2005 mu, na wɔsan de ɔdan no sii hɔ wɔ baabi a na ɛwɔ mfitiase no wɔ Ɛbɔ 2008 mu[5][6].
Wɔhyɛɛ wɔn a wɔsan bae no anuonyam sɛ amammerɛ ne amanyɔsɛm mu atɛntenenee ne nkitahodie mu nkonimdie. Saa bere no na Ethiopia Ɔmanpanin Meles Zenawi hyiraa no sɛ "Etiopiafoɔ nkonimdie kɛseɛ", berɛ a wiase agyapade ahyehyɛde ahorow no kamfoo no sɛ ɛyɛ nhwɛsoɔ ma nsiesie nsɛm a ɛbɛba daakye no[7].
Mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ ba a wɔbɛsane de wɔn aba no so
[sesa]Axum Obelisk no a wɔsan de bae no yɛ sɛnkyerɛnne kwan so ne amammerɛ mu ade titiriw ma Ethiopia. Ɔsan de Axumite amammerɛ mu nnoɔma bi a ɛho hia sii hɔ, na ɛboaa ma wɔyɛɛ nkɔmmɔbɔ a ɛfa amammerɛ mu nnwuma a na wɔretutu agu no ho. Nhyiam no sii hia a ɛho hia sɛ wodi aman ntam apam ahorow ne tete nneɛma akorae mu abrabɔ pa ho dwuma no so dua.
Bio nso, sɛnea wɔsan de nneɛma no baa ɔman no mu no daa no adi sɛ, ɛwom sɛ nneɛma no a wɔde bɛsan de aba no ho nsɛnnennen yɛ kɛse de, nanso sɛ aban no wɔ ɔpɛ ankasa sɛ wɔbɛyɛ saa na wɔboa wɔn ho wɔn ho wɔ aman foforo so a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobedi ho dwuma[8].
Mmeaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ
[sesa]- ↑ Niall Finneran (2007-11-08), The Archaeology of Ethiopia, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-429-23647-1, retrieved 2025-07-02
- ↑ Claudia Shirin Weisser (2000-01-01), "UNTS – United Nations Treaty Series", A Concise Encyclopedia of the United Nations, Brill | Nijhoff, pp. 640–641, ISBN 978-90-04-48120-6, retrieved 2025-07-02
- ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Opening of UNESCO Intl. Symposium on “Conserving Cultural and Biological Diversity” (in English), retrieved 2025-07-02
- ↑ Nick Marriner, Christophe Morhange (2005-04-01), "Save Tyre", Méditerranée, no. 104, pp. 129–131, doi:10.4000/mediterranee.2002, ISSN 0025-8296, retrieved 2025-07-02
- ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Opening of UNESCO Intl. Symposium on “Conserving Cultural and Biological Diversity” (in English), retrieved 2025-07-02
- ↑ Nick Marriner, Christophe Morhange (2005-04-01), "Save Tyre", Méditerranée, no. 104, pp. 129–131, doi:10.4000/mediterranee.2002, ISSN 0025-8296, retrieved 2025-07-02
- ↑ "Barron, Brian Munro, (28 April 1940–16 Sept. 2009), New York News Correspondent, BBC Television News and Current Affairs, since 2005", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, retrieved 2025-07-02
- ↑ K. W. Tubb (2011-11), "Lyndel V. Prott (ed.). Witnesses to History: A Compendium of Documents and Writings on the Return of Cultural Objects. 440 pp.UNESCO, Paris2009.", International Journal of Cultural Property, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 463–466, doi:10.1017/s0940739111000324, ISSN 0940-7391, retrieved 2025-07-02
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