Ɔkyerɛkyerɛnii
- Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu
Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni(
pronunciation of"Ɔkyerɛkyerɛnii") (help·info) a yɛsane frɛ no sukuu kyerɛkyerɛni yɛ obi a ɔboa asuafoɔ ma wɔn nimdeɛ ne kwan a wɔn bɛfa so de adi dwuma. Mpempii no obia bɛtumi ayɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛni asɛdeɛ(nhwɛsoɔ; sɛ worekyerɛ wo yɔnko bi sɛdeɛ yɛsi yɛ biribi pɔtee). Wɔ aman foforɔ so no, wɔtumi kyerɛ mmabunu a wɔn wɔ wɔn abusua mu adeɛ wɔ fie kyɛn sɛ wɔde wɔn bɛkɔ sukuu mu. Mmabunu agyalefoɔ ne asɔfoɔ nso tumi de wɔn ho gye adekyerɛ adwuma no mu. Wɔ aman binom no, akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ a adekyerɛ yɛ wɔn adwuma ankasa no yɛtua wɔn ka. Saa atwerɛsɛm yi gyina wɔn a yafa wɔn adwuma a wɔyɛ adekyerɛfoɔ, na wɔkyerɛ adeɛ wɔ beaɛ a nnwomasua kɔ so te sɛ sukuu mu anaa beaɛ a yɛtete mmɔfra wɔ adesua kwan so.
N'ASƐDEƐ NE NE DWUMADIE.
[sesa]Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni dwumadie ne amammerɛ tumi saa. Akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ kyerɛ asuafoɔ sɛdeɛ wɔbɛsi akenkan na watwerɛ, anya nimdeɛ pii ne sɛdeɛ wɔbɛsi de adi dwuma, nsaano adwuma,ɔsom, sɛdeɛ wɔbɛsi ayɛ ɔmanbapa , w'asɛdeɔ wɔ mpɔtam. Adekyerɛ ankasa ne sɛ wobɛpɛ nwomasua ho a yagye atom, na wakyerɛ wɔn adeɛ asane asɔ wɔn ahwɛ. Akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ adwuma ankasa boro adekyerɛ so. Wɔ sukuu abɔnten so no, akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ tumi de asuafoɔ no kɔ nsrahwɛ, wɔhwɛ mmeaɛ a wɔsua adeɛ, hwɛ ma sukuu no ne dwuma ahodoɔ a ɛkɔ so wɔ sukuu mu hɔ tumpɔn. Wɔ sukuu suapɔn ahodoɔ bi mu no, akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ no wɔ ho kwan sɛ wɔtea mmɔfra no sɛ ɔda suban bɔne bi adi a.
KWAN A YƐFA SO BƐYƐ ƆKYERƐKYERƐNI.
[sesa]Wɔ aman pii mu no, sɛ obi pɛ sɛ ɔyɛ kyerɛkyerɛni a, ɛwɔ sɛ ɔnya abodin krataa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔbɛtumi akyerɛ nkurɔfo ade wɔ suapɔn anaa ntoasoɔ skuul bi mu.[1] Saa abodin Krataa yi na ɛma yenhu sɛ, obi wɔ nimdeɛ, suahu ne nyansa a ɔbɛtum de akyerɛkyerɛ nkurɔfoɔ anaa.[1] Akyerɛkyerɛ adwuma, sɛ adwuma nkae no te hwehwɛ sɛ obi bɛkɔ so asua adeɛ na wanya nimdeɛ pii de aboa nkurɔfoɔ daa ne daa.[2]
Sɛ ɛba no akyerɛkyerɛ adwuma mu abodin krataa a, ɔte dɛ ma abodin krataa ahorow no nyinaa te. Sɛ wokɔ mmeaɛ bi a, mmranimfo, sika so hwɛfo, adokotafo, wɔn a wosiesie ade ne akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ nyinaa bɔ atipɛn wɔ biribiara mu. Nanso, wɔ mmeaɛ foforɔ no, anuonyam a ɛwɔ saa adwuma yi mu no wɔ fam. Wɔ sentri 20th mu no na mmea pii wɔ nimdeɛ nanso na wonya adwuma papa biara wɔ ɔman ahorow mu nti na ɛma wɔnyɛ akyerɛkyerɛ adwuma. Mmere rekɔ so no, wonyaa ho kwan yɛɛ adwuma wɔ aban no nnwuma pii mu.[3] Esan ne yie nti ɛyɛ den sɛ ɔbenya akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ apapa wɔ nnɛ, ne mmerɛ ɛda yɛn anim no.
Mmerɛ rekɔ anim no, akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ kɔ so gye nteteeɛ wɔ suapɔn ahorow mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a, wobenya nimdeɛ pii wɔ, wɔn adwuma no mu. Neɛma wɔ sua no bi no yɛ nneɛma foforɔ a wɔ bɛtumi de akyerɛ ade, nimdeɛ foforɔ a aba, nsasae ahorow a aba, suban a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔda no adi ne pii a ɔkekaho.
Institutions ahorow a wɔhwɛ ma saa nkyerɛkyerɛ yi ba so no dɔɔso pa ara. Saa akuw yi bi wɔ hɔ a, aban no na ɔhwɛ so nanso bi nso wɔ hɔ a, ankorankorɛ na wɔhwɛ so. Wɔkɔ wiase baabiara a, wobehu bi wɔ hɔ.[4]
Suban a Ohia
[sesa]Akyerɛkyerɛ adwuma no hia sɛ obi benya su ahorow bi na ama w`afata.[5] Afei nso ohia sɛ yenya kuw bi a wɔbɛhwɛ ama akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ no ada su pa adi, na wɔasiesie ntawantawa ahorow a ɛwɔ adwumayɛfoɔ no bi mu na ama yie atɔ yie.[6] Ɛtɔ da a, aban skuul ne akorankorɛ skuul nyinaa ma wɔn wɔakɔ ntetee skuul na ɛkyerɛ ade wɔ wɔn skuul ahorow mu esiane sɛ, wɔsusuw de hɔ na wɔgye nimdeɛ ne nteteɛ pa. Wɔ beaɛ bi nso, wɔde saa adwuma yi ahyɛ mpanyimfoɔ bi nsa sɛ wɔnhwɛ mma nneama nkɔso pɛpɛɛpɛ. Beaɛ foforɔ nso wɔ hɔ a, akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ nkabom kuw ahorow na wɔhwɛ sɛ wɔn nkurɔfoɔ bɛDan suban pa adi.[7]
Suban bɔne a wɔdan no adi
[sesa]Suban bɔne ahorow a akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ binom dan n`adi nkanka mpa mu agodi bɔne, yɛ ade ɛrekɔ so paa sɛ yɛtie dawurobɔ nkrataa ahorow a.[8]Wɔ nhwehwɛmu a American Association of University Women yɛɛ no ma yenhu I sɛ adesuafo 9.0% a wɔwɔ USA na wɔaka sɛ wɔtaa nya nna ho message firi mpanyimfoɔ a wɔkyerɛ wɔn ade no hɔ; saa mpanyimfoɔ yi taa yɛ atuhuamafo, ahyɛnkafo, akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ, ahwɛsofoɔ ne mpanyimfoɔ nkae, wie nyinaa kɔ so wɔ aberɛ a adesuafoɔ no gu so rekɔ skuul.[9]
Wɔ nhwehwɛmu foforɔ wɔyɛɛ no wɔ England no so kyerɛ sɛ nnipa wɔpɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ wɔn ne wɔn da ho akontaabu no yɛ 0.3%. Saa nnipa bɔnefoɔ no bi nyɛ Asɔfo, akomfo ne adwuma nkae a akyerɛkyerɛfo ka ho.[10]
Wɔ United states nkoaa no, nsɛm a asisi wɔ hɔ a bi nyɛ ma ɔfa Debra LaFave[11], Pamela Rogers Turner[12] ne Mary Kay Letourmeau[13] ma yenhunu sɛ suban bɔne a akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ Dan no adi rekɔ so paa.
Chris Keates, ɔkyerɛfoɔ a ɔda National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers, kaa sɛ "Akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ a wɔne asuafoɔ a w`adu wɔn mpanyin fie so da no yɛ ade ensɛ sɛ wɔde ka nnipa bɔnefoɔ a wɔnfa kwan pa so ne asukuufo no da no ho na mpo ensɛ sɛ wotwe wɔn aso". Eyi ama Awofoɔ mma ntetee akuw ne akuw ahorow a wɔhwɛ mmɔfra yiedie ne wɔn daadaa asetena no bo afuw paa.[14]Osuro a akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ mpanyimfoɔ binom wɔ be sɛ, anhwɛ na akɔnnɔ bɔne bi ama wɔne asuafoɔ a w`asi wɔn mpanyin fie so binom edi agorɔ bɔne nti, wɔn mu pii agyae adekyerɛ. Mmeaɛ pii mpo deɛ, wabɔ ammaneɛ sɛ mpanyimfoɔ wɔkyerɛ ade so atew koraa.[15]
KWAN A WƆFA SO KYERƐ ADEƐ.
[sesa]Asuafo na wɔkyerɛ wɔn ade. Beaɛ a wɔtaa gye ntetee yi ne skuul mu, adesuabea anaa beaɛ foforɔ bia ɛbɛyɛyie te sɛ mmɔntenso.
Botae ne atirimpɔ nti a wɔkyerɛ ade no, wobetumi anya denam nhyehyeɛ a wobedi so ne kwan a akyereɛkyerɛfoɔ no nso bɛfa so akyerɛ ade no. Nhyehyeɛ no bi nye nnoma a ɛkyerɛ kwan a akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ mfa so, nneɛma a wɔde bɛdi dwuma ne ɔyɛkyerɛ ahorow afei akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ no nso de wɔn nimdeɛ ne wɔn adwene ka ho boa ma asuafoɔ no te nea wɔresua no ase. Wɔ potɔ kasa mu no, wɔfrɛ kwan a obi tumi fa so kyerɛ ade no pedagogy.[16]Sɛ akyereɛkyerɛfoɔ no rehwehwɛ kwan a wɔbɛfaso akyerɛ wɔn asuafo a, wɔhwɛ wɔn tebea, wɔn adwene, beaɛ a wɔte ne botaeɛ ahorow a esi wɔn ani so ne afei nwoma a atumfoɔ anaa wɔn a ɔwɔ tumi sɛ wɔhwɛ nwomasua so ayɛ. Esiane sɛ tɛknologyi (technology) ho abehia nkenka ne gye a internet no agye nhini wɔ mfe du(10) mu nti, ɛho abɛhia sɛ akyerɛkyerɛfoɔ nso de di dwuma pii wɔ wɔn nkyerɛkyerɛ mu.
Ɔkwan a obi faso kyerɛ ade no san nso hia sɛ onii no behu adesuani biara ahoɔden, kwan a ɔfaso sua ade ne nneɛma bi a ɔbɔ mu mmɔden. Sɛ yɛbɛ te ase yie a, ɛsɛ sɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛni biara hu kwan a ɔde ne suanyi biara bɛfa so ne sɛnea ɔbɛhwɛ wɔn mu biara so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔn bɛte nea wɔresua no ase.
Adesuabea ho nhyehyeɛ
[sesa]Wɔ adekyerɛ mfiase nyinaa, kwan a wɔfa so teɛ adesuafo so nye sɛ wɔde asotwe nketekete (corporal punishement) te sɛ egua,wobetwa wɔn to ho, ne nkotodwe bu na ɛteɛ wɔn so. Sɛ abofra no nya fi fie du skuul a, akyerɛkyerɛfo no na ɛhweɛ wɔn so sɛ awofo enti asotwe biara a ɔfata no wotumi de ma asuafo no.
Wɔ mber a w`aba kɔ mu no, na asotwe a ɛma asuafo no te yaw na mpo bi tum pira na na skuul ahorow no de di dwuma wɔ wiase nyinaa. Nanso nnɛ, wɔ wiase afa baabi no, w`ayi saa asotwe a ɔtedem no afi wɔn skuul mu.Wɔ United State no, sɛ obi fa saa kwan no so twe osuani aso a ɔnfom mmra esiane mmra a asɛmdibea kuninin no hyɛɛ wɔ 1977 a ɛka sɛ padding ntia US mmra nhoma no.[17]
US States 30 abra mmra yi, nanso ma w`aka no, titiriw anafɔ fam fo no deɛ da so a de yɛ adwuma. Ɛrekɔ fam wɔ aban skuul ahorow a ɛwɔ Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee ne Texas no mu. Ntaabo a wɔahyɛ da asen na wɔde twe asuafo pii aso wɔ Amerika. Beaɛ a wɔtaa twe aso no nye adesua dan mu anaa hall akɛse mu, nanso nnɛ de wɔtaa yɛ no kokoam wɔ skuul hwɛfo no dan mu.
Adwuma no mu ɔhaw ahorow
[sesa]Akyerɛkyerɛfo hyia ɔhaw ahorow pii wɔ wɔn adwuma no mu a ahoyera kaho. Eyi betum anya nsosoanso bɔn wɔ adekyerɛfo no ma mpo wɔetum anya adwenmu haw, epira ahorow, wɔn mmɔden bɛkɔ fam ne afei adesuafo no nso nimdeɛ a ɛbekɔ fam. Ahoyera betumi ama nneɛma ayɛ basaa, ɛseɛ adamfofa ɔda mmofra, akyerɛkyerɛfo nkae, skuul mpanyinfo, wɔn a wɔtete ben no no ne ɔkyerɛkyerɛnyi no ntam. Ɛsan so ma adwuma bu fa no ma no brɛ.[18]
Afe 2000 nhwehwɛmu huu sɛ UK akyerɛkyerɛfo ɔha mu nkyekyem aduanan (40%) na adwuma mu ahoyera ka wɔn, na eyi yɛ mmɔho ebien wode toto adwum nkae no ho a. Afe 2012 nso nhwehwɛmu no ka sɛ, akyerɛkyerɛfo nya ahoyera, adwenmu haw, ne basabasayɛ mmcho ebien sɛn adwumayɛfo nkae.[19]
Ɔkwan pii wɔ hɔ a yɛbetumi afa ayi saa ɔhaw ahorow yi afi adekyerɛ adwuma no mu. Adwuma mu nsesae ahorow te sɛ, mber a wɔde yɛ adwum mu nsesae, bɛma wɔn nteteyɛ ɔfata anaa kasa kyerɛ ahorow, mbeai ahorow wɔyɛ adwuma no mu nsɛsae, ne afei abasobɔ ne akyɛdeɛ a wɔn nsa bɛka no beboa ama wɔn ahoyera ne basabasayɛ no so atew wɔ adwuma no mu. Nneɛma sɛ akoranko no, wobetum ayɛ de atew ahoyera no so no ne sɛ wobɛyɛ apɔwmutenetene ɔfa basabasayɛ ho na w`ama afofor akasa akyerɛ wɔn afa ahoyera ho.[19]
Sɛ yɛ de yinom nyinaa to nkyɛn a, Akyerɛkyerɛfo yɛ nkorɔfo a wɔntaa nnya abasobɔdeɛ ne nkɔnyim ahorow wɔ wɔn adwuma no mu. Eyi ama nkrɔfo pii ani nnye ho sɛ wobɛyɛ saa adwuma yi. Kuw bi a wɔfrɛ wɔn Centre for Teacher Accreditation (CENTA) a wɔwɔ India rebɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbeboa ama saa ɔhaw yi afihɔ anaa no so atew na w`afi ase rema akyerɛkyerɛfo akwanya ahorow wɔ India.[20]
WIASE AFANAN NYINAA ADEKYERƐ.
[sesa]Wokɔ wiase afanan nyinaa a, wobɛ hunu sɛdeɛ nsosoɔne ahorow wɔ akyerɛkyerɛfo no mu. Wɔ aman pii mu no, akyerɛkyerɛfo a wɔwɔ hɔ no gye ntetee wɔ suapɔn(University) anaa college mu. Aban ahorow no hwehwɛ sɛ obi benya abodin krataa a wɔagye atom ansa na woenya akwanya akyerɛ ade wɔ skuul ahorow no mu. Wɔ aman pii so no, obi tum nya mmofra adekyerɛ ho abodin krataa sɛ onya wie High Skuul a. High skuul adesuafo yi di nhyehyeɛ efa adekyerɛ ho no fi wɔn nber a wɔwɔ skuul ahorow no mu na wɔkyerɛ ade nkakrakakra enti wonya wie ara pɛ, na wɔde abodin krataa (special diploma) ama wɔn. Sɛ yɛde yi to nkyɛn a, kuw ahorow a wɔhwɛ adekyerɛ so no hwehwɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛnyi biara mu hu sɛ onni adwemu haw biara na asɛm biara nso nni ne ho ansa na w`ama no kwan akɔ kyerɛ ade. Ɛnyɛ aber nyinaa na wobehu saa nhyehyeɛ yi wɔ adekyerɛ mpanyinfo nteteɛ mu nanso bere rokɔ so no, aman pii de reyɛ adwuma esiane ahobanmɔ ho asɛm enti.
KYERƐKYERƐNI BOAFO
[sesa]Kyerɛkyerɛni abadiekyi yɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛnyi a wɔde no aka ɔkyerɛkyerɛni foforo ho wɔ dan baako mu ma wɔkyerɛ mmofra ade. Wokɔ wiase baabiara a, ɛsono senea won mu bi ara yɛ n`dwuma te ne asɛyɛdeɛ ahorow a ɛhyehyɛ wɔn nsa wɔ skuuldan no mu.
Asɛyɛdeɛ no mu kor nye ɔkyerɛkyerɛnyi a ɔkyerɛ kasa fofor (Foreign Language Assistant) a wɔ German no Adesua mu nsesae kuw no na ɛhwɛ so.
Wɔ British skuul ahorow mu no, akyerɛkyerɛfo a wɔnni abodin krata a edi mu no na wɔtaa fa wɔn ma wɔyɛ aboafo, enti akyerɛkyerɛfo amapa no de wɔn ntetee mu kyerɛ wɔn nea wɔn. Aboafo no so betum ahwɛ anaa wɔakyerɛ asuafo bi ade wɔ akuwakuw mu. Wɔ UK no,wɔde edin akyerɛkyerɛfo aboafo no frɛ obia a ɔyɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛnyi nanso ɔnyɛ ɔpanyin anaa panyin abadiekyi emfa ho sɛ ɔwɔ abodin krataa edi mu anaa endi mu no.
BEAƐ A MENYAA MMOA FIRI YƐ.
[sesa]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 https://study.com/qualifications_for_being_a_teacher.html
- ↑ https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/teaching-english/teaching-qualifications/
- ↑ https://www.rd.com/list/things-women-werent-allowed-to-do-100-years-ago/
- ↑ https://www.dixonsat.com/teaching-institute
- ↑ https://www.theedadvocate.org/10-professional-standards-effective-teachers-must-meet/
- ↑ https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/teaching-regulation-agency
- ↑ https://www.aaeteachers.org
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20080227085217/http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/15/fd/90.pdf
- ↑ https://www2.ed.gov/rschstat/research/pubs/misconductreview/report.pdf#p28
- ↑ https://www2.ed.gov/rschstat/research/pubs/misconductreview/report.pdf#p28
- ↑ https://people.com/crime/debra-lafave-florida-teacher-sex-scandal-her-life-now/
- ↑ "http://crimescenedb.com/pamela-rogers-turner/". Archived from the original on 2022-02-05. Retrieved 2022-02-12.
{{cite web}}: External link in|title=|dead-url=ignored (help) - ↑ https://www.biography.com/personality/mary-kay-letourneau
- ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/profile/chris-keates
- ↑ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1215884/Paedophile-fears-driving-male-teachers-primary-schools-according-General-Teaching-Council-England.html
- ↑ https://www.bing.com/search?q=pedagogy&cvid=d1b27103cf4c4785a66ccd9511c29e36&aqs=edge.0.69i59j69i57.3815j0j1&pglt=299&FORM=ANNTA1&PC=EDGEDB
- ↑ https://www.corpun.com/ussc7704.htm
- ↑ https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/19937/7/19937%20NAGIEH_Organisational_Interventions_for_%20Improving_Wellbeing_2015.pdf
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 https://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/19937/7/19937%20NAGIEH_Organisational_Interventions_for_%20Improving_Wellbeing_2015.pdf
- ↑ https://centa.org