Repatriation of the Khoisan Ancestors from UK and Australia

Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei wɔ Asante Twi mu

Khoisanfoɔ a wɔwɔ Afrika anafo fam no - a Khoikhoi ne San - ka wiase amammerɛ a akyɛ sen biara no ho. Wɔ mfehaha pii mu no, wɔmaa wɔn ho so, wɔsɛee wɔn amammerɛ, na wɔde nyansahu dii dwuma wɔ nniso ase. Abɔnefosɛm a ɛyɛ hu sen biara no bi ne wɔn nananom nnompe a wɔde kɔtoo mmeae a wɔyɛ mmusuakuw ho nhwehwɛmu, nnipa ho adesua, ne tete nneɛma ho mfonini wɔ Europa ne Australia no. Nnansa yi mmɔden a South Africa atumfoɔ ne Khoisan asefo de dii anim no ama wɔasan de saa nnompe yi pii afi mmeae bi a ɛwɔ United Kingdom ne Australia aba, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔadi asɛntitire bi so wɔ nniso a wɔde siesiee atɛntenenee a na ɛwɔ hɔ wɔ abakɔsɛm mu akyi no ne abusuakuo no mu.

Abakɔsɛm

Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 18 ne 19 no mu no, Britain ne aman foforɔ a na wɔdi tumi wɔ hɔ, asɛmpatrɛfoɔ, ne nyansahufo yii Khoisanfoɔ nnipa nnompe, a nkatabo, nnompe, ne nipadua afa bi ka ho, firii South Africa ne Namibia. Wɔde saa nnompe yi kɔɔ aman te sɛ UK, France, Germany, ne Australia, a mpɛn pii no na wɔnnye ho kwan, na wɔde yɛɛ ntotoho wɔ nipadua mu ne nnipa mu nyiyim ho nhwehwɛmu a ɛnyɛ nokware mu a na wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde mmusuakuo ahodoɔ gyina wɔn ti so tumi ne wɔn honam fam nneɛma so.

Wɔ United Kingdom no, ahyehyɛde ahodoɔ te sɛ Edinburgh Suapɔn, Natural History Museum, ne Royal College of Surgeons nsa kaa Khoisan nnompe. Wɔ Australia no, sukuupɔn ahorow ne nnwumakuo ahorow, titire wɔ Tasmania ne Sydney, yɛɛ wɔn nananom a wɔda so te ase wɔ nyansahufo a wɔne wɔn bɔ mu yɛ adwuma ne wɔn a wɔtraa ase wɔ aman foforo so no din mu.

South Africa mmɔden a wɔabɔ sɛ wɔbɛsan de wɔn aba wɔn man mu

South Africa Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Agumadi, Adwinne ne Amammerɛ so ne South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) na adi kan ayɛ ɔsatu a wɔde reboa Khoisanfo no. Saa ɔsatu yi a atetesɛm mu akannifo ne Khoisanfo man no ananmusifoɔ taa akyi no ama wɔada amammerɛ, honhom fam, ne abrabɔ fam ahiade a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wɔsan de wɔn nananom a wɔawuwu kɔ hɔ ma wosie wɔn sɛnea ɛsɛ no adi so.

Wɔ afe 2002 mu no, South Africa amammuisɛm a ɛfa nnipa nnompe ho no ma wonyaa mmara kwan a wɔfa so hwehwɛ sɛ wɔsan de nnompe no ma, a Khoisan nnompe a wofi aman foforo so a wɔde ma wɔn no ka ho. National Khoisan Council ne Centre for Heritage Development in Africa (CHDA) nso adi dwuma titiriw wɔ kyerɛwtohɔ ne wɔn a wɔtaa wɔn akyi no mu.

Wɔn a wɔresan afi United Kingdom

Wɔ afe 2012 mu no, wɔsan de Khoisan nnipa nnompe nketewa nkron firii Edinburgh Suapɔn no mu brɛɛ South Africa. Ná wɔaboaboa nnompe a aka yi, a na tikɔkora ahodoɔ ne nkrapan no fa bi ka ho ano wɔ afeha a ɛto so 19 mu, a na anatomfo a wɔn ani gye mmusuakuw mu kyekyɛ ho na wɔyɛe. Bere a wɔsan bae no, na SAHRA ne suapɔn no anatomy fekuw a Britain aban taa wɔn akyi no ne wɔn adi nkɔmmɔ berɛ nyinaa.

Wɔyɛɛ wɔn nkae no ho amanne na wɔde wɔn kɔɔ West Coast Fossil Park a ɛbɛn Saldanha Bay, baabi a wɔsan de obu siee wɔn sɛnea Khoisan amammerɛ kyerɛ no.

Wɔsan de wɔn fi Australia

Wɔ afe 2017 mu no, Australia aban maa nnipa nnompe 20 a wɔn mu pii yɛ Khoisanfo no san baa South Africa. Ná wɔde saa nnompe yi asie Tasmania ne New South Wales sukuupɔn ne tete nneɛma akorae ahorow mu. Australia Ɔman Nkaedum no gye toom sɛ nnɛɛman mu basabasayɛ na ɛgyina saa nneɛma yi akyi, na wɔdaa no adi sɛ wɔasi wɔn bo sɛ wɔbɛyi nkaedum no afi hɔ.

Wɔmaa wɔn a wɔsan bae no nsa kaa wɔn wɔ amanne kwan so wɔ Cape Town, a na amammerɛ mu akannifo, mpanimfoɔ, ne aban mpanyimfo ka ho. Saa afahyɛ yi ho hia maa Australia ne South Africa ntam abusuabɔ, efisɛ ɛdaa adi sɛ aman abien no nyinaa asi wɔn bo sɛ wɔbɛhyɛ aborɔfo no ne wɔn amammerɛ mu den.

Ɔsom ne Amammerɛ ho mfasoɔ

Wɔ Khoisan amammerɛ mu no, nananom di dwuma titire wɔ asetra ne honhom fam akomatɔyam mu. Wɔbu sɛ ɛyɛ kronkron sɛ wɔbɛtu obi a wawu no afi baabi na wɔakɔ so de no asie baabi foforo, na ɛyɛ animtiaabu. Enti, sɛ wɔsan kɔ wɔn kurom a, ɛma nkurɔfo tumi yɛ wɔn nananom amanne ahorow, nya wɔn agyapade so mfaso, na wonya honhom fam akomatɔyam bio.

Bio nso, ɔsan a wɔde nkurɔfo ba wɔn man mu no kyerɛ sɛ wogye abakɔsɛm mu ntɛnkyea tom, wɔresɛe nniso no ho nsɛm, na wɔhyɛ aborɔfo a na wɔabrɛ wɔn ase wɔ South Africa wɔ apartheid akyi no den.

Ɔhaw ahodoɔ ne mmɔdenmmɔ a wɔtoaa so bɔeɛ

Ɛmfa ho sɛ wɔsan de Khoisanfo pii baa wɔn man mu no, wɔda so ara de wɔn nnompe a aka no gu mmeae ahorow wɔ Europa ne Australia. South Africa kɔ so bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛma wɔasan aba, nanso ɔhaw da so ara wɔ hɔ. Eyinom bi ne:

• Nkrataa a enni hɔ ne baabi a wofi, a ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wobehu wɔn
• Mmara mu akwanside ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ aman bi mu a ɛfa nnipa nnompe a wɔde ma ho
• Nhyehyɛeɛ ahodoɔ a wɔmpɛ, titiriw wɔ nsɛm a wɔkora nkae wɔ nyansahu ne anatom nhwehwɛmu mu no mu

Nea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔadi ɔhaw ahorow yi ho dwuma no, South Africa ayɛ mmɔdemmɔ kɛseɛ de atwerɛ wɔn ho nsɛm agu kɔmputa so, ne nnwuma a ɛne amanaman ntam mmara hyia (te sɛ, UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples), na ama ɔmanfoɔ no ahu Khoisanfo no kyɛfa ne wɔn kyɛfa.

Awieeɛ

Khoisanfo adasamma a wɔsan fii United Kingdom ne Australia baa wɔn man mu no yɛ ayaresa, atɛntrenee, ne amammerɛ mu nsakrae kɛse. Ɛsan si hokwan a abusuakuo ahodoɔ wɔ sɛ wobegye wɔn nananom ne wɔn honhom fam ne abakɔsɛm mu tumidi no so dua. Berɛ a aman pii gye tom sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔsan de nkurɔfo ba wɔn kurom ma wɔn ho tɔ wɔn no, Khoisanfo no dwumadie no gyina hɔ sɛ nidi, boasetɔ, ne amammerɛ a wɔsan nya no ho nhwɛso.