Jump to content

Repatriation of Human Remains

Fa links ɛka ho
Ɛfi Wikipedia

Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei wɔ Asante Twi mu

Nnipa nnompe a wɔbɛsan de akɔ fie na wɔasan akɔsie bio no yɛ asɛm a ɛrekɔ so nnɛ wɔ tetefoɔ nneɛma a wɔatutu fam ahu no mu ne nnompe a wɔakora so wɔ tete nneɛma akorae hɔ. Wɔ asefo-nyamekyerɛfo ne nnipa nwomanimfoɔ ntam no, adwene ahodoɔ pii wɔ hɔ sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ wɔsan de nkae no ba anaa. Nnipa nnompe ho adesua pii wɔ wiase nyinaa a wɔasan de aba anaa ehia sɛ wɔsan de ba.

Sɛdeɛ wɔhu no

[sesa]

Wɔkyerɛ sɛ nnipa nnompe a wɔsan de kɔ na wɔsan sie no yɛ akyinnyegye wɔ tetefo amammerɛ mu[1]. Mpɛn pii no, wɔn asefo ne nnipa a wofi beae a wonyaa wɔn nnompe no pɛ sɛ wɔsan de wɔn ba[2][2][3][4]. Saa berɛ no, nnipa a wɔsua nipa asetena ho nsɛm, nyansahufo a wɔsua nkae no wɔ nhwehwɛmu mu no, wɔ adwene a ɛsono. Nnipa ho abenfo binom te nka sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔkora nkae no so na ama wɔatumi ate ase yie[5]. Afoforɔ nso te nka sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔsan de wɔn ba fie de kyerɛ buo ma wɔn asefo no[6].

Sɛdeɛ asefoɔ ne fekuo a wɔfiri mu no hunu no

[sesa]

Wɔn asefoɔ ne wɔn a wɔn ani gye nkae ho no taa bɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛsan de wɔn akɔ fie. Ebetumi aba sɛ nnipa ne honhom mu gyidi nti na ɛte saa[2][2][3]. Sɛ nhwɛsoɔ no, Henry Atkinson a ɔfiri Yorta Yorta man no mu no kyerɛkyerɛ abakɔsɛm a ɛboa ma wɔgyina nsɛm so yi mu. Ɔkyerɛ mu sɛ na Europafoɔ no ato ahyɛ n'agyanom so na wɔakunkum wɔn. Ɛno akyi no, wɔsisii wɔn nnompe na "wɔboaboaa wɔn ano te sɛ nea wɔboaboa nsɔano ano"[2]. Awieeɛ koraa no, wɔde nananom no kɔeɛ sɛ nnipa a wɔbesua wɔn ho ade. Eyi maa Yorta Yortafoɔ no tee nka sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa a wɔnsɛ hwee te sɛ mmoa ne nneɛma a wɔde siesie wɔn ho. Atkinson kyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ, sɛ wɔsan de wɔn ba ɔman no mu a, ɛbɛboa ama wɔadi awoɔ ntoatoasoɔ a ɛbaa mu wɔ okum kɛseɛ ne nnwumakuo a wɔboaboaa wɔn ano no ho yaw so[2].

Bio nso, asɛm bi a wɔtaa ka ne sɛ, wɔn asefo ne wɔn nananom wɔ abusuabɔ wɔ honhom fam. Aborɔfo a wɔwɔ hɔ no mu pii te nka sɛ wɔn nananom a wɔawuwu no atenae yɛ kronkron na ɛma wonya ahofadi. Nanso, nananom a wɔde wɔn ato ananafo adwumayɛbea ahorow mu no, wɔaka wɔn ahyɛ mu, na wontumi nnya ahomegye. Eyi betumi de ahohia kɛse aba wɔn asefo so. N'asefo binom te nka sɛ wɔn nananom betumi anya ahofadi na wɔada asomdwoe mu bere a wɔasan de wɔn aba wɔn man mu no[2][2].

Saa adwene yi ara na ɛwɔ Botswana. Connie Rapoo, a ɔfiri Botswana, kyerɛkyerɛɛ hia a ehia sɛ wɔsan de nananom a wɔawuwu no ba wɔn man mu no mu. Rapoo kyerɛkyerɛ mu sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ nnipa san kɔ wɔn fie na ama wɔanya abusuabɔ ne fahodie[3]. Sɛ wɔansane amma a, nananom akra no betumi ananteɛ a wɔnteɛteɛ. Wobetumi adan ahonhommɔne a wɔhaw ateasefo mpo. Wɔgye di sɛ, sɛ wɔsan kɔ wɔn kurom a, ɛboa ma asomdwoeɛ ba wɔn nananom ne wɔn asefo ntam[3].

Apɔmuden ho nsɛm

[sesa]

Wɔkoraa nkae no bi so denam mmoawammoawa a seesei wɔnim sɛ ɛsɛe nnipa akwahosan no so[7].

Nhwehwɛmu a wɔayɛ

[sesa]

Australia

[sesa]

Wɔyii Aboriginfo ne Torres Strait Islander nananom atenaeɛ firii aboda, amusieeɛ, ayaresabea, ne nneduafie mu de firi afeha a ɛto so 19 kosii afe 1940 mu no awieeɛ. Wɔn a wɔkɔɔ aman foforɔ so no mu dodow no ara wɔ United Kingdom, na nnipa pii nso wɔ Germany, France, ne Europa aman foforɔ, ne U.S. Dwumadibea akontaabu no nkyerɛ tebea ankasa a ɛwɔ hɔ, na emu pii wɔ ankorankoro ne tete nneɛma akorae nketewa no mu. Wͻde nnipa a wͻdi awu anaa wͻbͻ mu fa bɛboro mpem du na wͻfaa wɔn kɔɔ UK nkutoo[8]. nni mmara biara a ɛhwɛ ma wͻsan de wͻn ba, nanso Australia Aban no de Nkrataa a Ɛfa Aborɔfo a Wͻresane Aba no sii hɔ wɔ afe 2011. Efi afe 2025 no, Ɔfese a Ɛhwɛ Amammerɛ So no na ɛhwɛ so. Saa nhyehyɛeɛ yi "boa ma wɔsan de Aboriginfoɔ ne Torres Strait Islander nananom nnompe ne nneɛma kronkron a ahintaw no ba, a ɛboa ma ayaresa ne nkabom ba" na ɛboa mpɔtam ananmusifo ma wɔsan de nnompe no ba wɔ akwan hodoɔ so. Wɔ Kitawonsa bosome no mu wɔ afe 2020 mu no, aban no hyɛɛ AIATSIS bɔ sɛ wɔbɛma no sika de adi Cultural Heritage Initiative no ho dwuma wɔ mfe anan mu[9]. Aban wɛbsaet no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ, wɔ Ɔbɛnem bosome mu wɔ afe 2025 mu no, na wɔasan de wɔn nananom a wɔadi kan 1741 afi aman foforo so aba[10]. Wɔ Oforisuo bosome mu wɔ afe 2025 mu no, ABC News bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ, wɔasan de nnipa bɛyɛ 1,775 aba. Nkrataa yi mu dodow no ara a na ɛyɛ  -  1,300  - no, na efiri nnwumakuo a wɔboaboa wɔn nneɛma ano ne ankorankoro a wɔwɔ UK hɔ[11].

Wɔ Ɔbɛnem bosome mu wɔ afe 2020 mu no, Victoria Aboriginal Heritage Council yii documentary bi a wɔato din sɛ Returning Our Ancestors a egyina nwoma a wɔato din Power and the Passion: Our Ancestors Return Home (2010) a Shannon Faulkhead ne Uncle Jim Berg twerɛɛ so, na ɔbenfo Archie Roach a wanya abasobɔde bi aka ho asɛm. Wɔyɛɛ no titire sɛ ntoasoɔ sukuufoɔ a wɔwɔ Victoria mantam mu, na aboa ma wɔate Aborigin abakɔsɛm ne amammerɛ ase denam wɔn nananom nkaeɛ ho hia a wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ no so[12][13].

Queensland Museum's Wɔ Obubuo bosome mu wɔ afe 2018 mu no, na wɔakora Aboriginfo ne Torres Strait Islanderfo nnipa bɛyɛ 660 nnompe wɔ wɔn "dan kronkron no mu" wɔ abansoro a ɛto so anum no so[14].

Wɔ Ɔbɛnem bosome mu wɔ afe 2019 mu no, wɔsan de Australia Aboriginfo nananom nnompe 37 bae, bere a Natural History Museum a ɛwɔ London no de nnompe no maa wɔ afahyɛ bi ase. South Australian Museum ne National Museum of Australia bɛhwɛ nkae no so kosi sɛ wɔbɛsan akɔsie no[15].

Wɔ Oforisuo bosome mu wɔ afe 2019 mu no, adwuma no firii ase sɛ wɔbɛsan akɔfa nananom nnompe a ɛboro 50 afi German adwumayɛbea ahodoɔ nnum, a wɔfii ase wɔ afahyɛ bi ase wɔ Continents Museum wɔ Munich[16].

Mmeaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ

[sesa]
  1. ↑ Christopher Scarre, ed. (2008), The ethics of archaeology: philosophical perspectives on archaeological practice (Reprint ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-54942-4 {{citation}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Paul Turnbull, Michael Pickering (2010), Long way home: the meaning and values of repatriation, Museums and collections, London: Berghahn, ISBN 978-1-84545-958-1 {{citation}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Connie Rapoo (2011-06), "'Just give us the bones!': theatres of African diasporic returns", Critical Arts (in English), vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 132–149, doi:10.1080/02560046.2011.569057, ISSN 0256-0046, retrieved 2025-06-21 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ↑ Cressida Fforde, Jane Hubert, Paul Turnbull, ed. (2004), The dead and their possessions: repatriation in principle, policy, and practice, One world archaeology, London New York: Routledge, ISBN 978-0-203-16577-5 {{citation}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  5. ↑ Devon A. Mihesuah, ed. (2010), Repatriation reader: who owns American Indian remains?, Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, ISBN 978-0-8032-8264-3 {{citation}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  6. ↑ Siân Halcrow, Amber Aranui, Stephanie Halmhofer, Annalisa Heppner, Norma Johnson, Kristina Killgrove, Gwen Robbins Schug (2021-05), "Moving beyond Weiss and Springer's Repatriation and Erasing the Past: Indigenous values, relationships, and research", International Journal of Cultural Property (in English), vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 211–220, doi:10.1017/S0940739121000229, ISSN 0940-7391, retrieved 2025-06-21 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ↑ Andrei S. Markovits (2023-09-01), "Obituary: Peter Pulzer", German Politics and Society, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 122–123, doi:10.3167/gps.2023.410307, ISSN 1045-0300, retrieved 2025-06-21
  8. ↑ Katherine Lambert‐Pennington (2007-11), "What Remains? Reconciling Repatriation, Aboriginal Culture, Representation and the Past", Oceania, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 313–336, doi:10.1002/j.1834-4461.2007.tb00019.x, ISSN 0029-8077, retrieved 2025-06-21 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. ↑ People: March/April 2025, 2025-03-05, retrieved 2025-06-21
  10. ↑ People: March/April 2025, 2025-03-05, retrieved 2025-06-21
  11. ↑ NGS 20, Shearwater, April 1965, [s.n.], 1965, retrieved 2025-06-21
  12. ↑ "18 • Bringing Them Home", Rwandan Women Rising, Duke University Press, pp. 171–181, 2020-12-31, ISBN 978-0-8223-7356-8, retrieved 2025-06-21
  13. ↑ CfP: conference: “The Neo-Victorian and the Late-Victorian: Texts, Media, Politics”. Sept 03-04, 2020 @ University of Brighton (UK). Deadline: April 27, 2020., 2020-03-13, retrieved 2025-06-21
  14. ↑ Anna Joy Weisse, From specimen to person: determining provenance and identity for Aboriginal human remains held in museums, retrieved 2025-06-21
  15. ↑ L. J. Brass (1948), Talk by Leonard J. Brass (News Review), [s.n.], retrieved 2025-06-21
  16. ↑ Heidi Norman, Anne Maree Payne (2023-07-04), "Asserting Aboriginal polity and nationhood: The campaign for the return of Indigenous Ancestral Remains", Aboriginal History Journal, vol. 46, pp. 29–52, doi:10.22459/ah.46.2022.02, ISSN 0314-8769, retrieved 2025-06-21
Yɛ yi fii "https://tw.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Repatriation_of_Human_Remains&oldid=196349"