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Hashtag Activism

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A hashtag on a protest placard in 2019

Wɔatwrɛ nsɛm wei wɔ Asante Twi mu

Hashtag activism kyerɛ sohyia miidea hashtags a wɔde di dwuma wɔ Intanɛt so[1]. Hashtag no abɛyɛ akwan bebree a sohyia miidea fa so boa ma

ɔmanfoɔ nya kyɛfa wɔ ɔman mu nsɛm mu[2]. Hashtag no a wɔde di dwuma wɔ social media so no ma wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no nya hokwan de nsɛm ne adwene a ɛfa nsɛm a ɛfa nnipa asetena ho no di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a afoforo (akyidifoɔ) bɛtumi afa so ne wɔn adi nkitaho na wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ nkɔmmɔbɔ kɛse bi a ebetumi de nsakrae aba mu no mu[3]. Hashtag no ankasa yɛ asɛmfua anaa kasasin a ɛfa amammerɛ anaa amanyɔsɛm ho, na ɛboa ma wonya baabi a wɔbɛtumi abɔ nkɔmmɔ[4]. Sohyia miidea ma nnipa a wɔadi nkoguo wɔ abakɔsɛm mu no nya hokwan kɛse. Ɛdenam hashtags no so no, akuw yi tumi di nkitaho, bɔ wɔn ho ban, na wɔgyina nsɛm a wɔn ani nna so wɔ nnipa dodow no ara mu no akyi[5].

Wɔn a wɔtaa tumi a hashtag di no akyi no gye di sɛ ɛma wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no tumi ne nnipa a wɔwɔ wiase nyinaa di nkitaho na wɔkyekyɛ nsɛm ntɛmntɛm. Nanso, wɔn a wɔkasa tia no, wɔn adwene yɛ wɔn sɛ, sɛ wɔde hashtag di dwuma a, ɛremma nsakrae biara mma, efisɛ wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no kyerɛ sɛ wɔn ani gye ho sɛ wɔde hashtag bɛhyɛ wɔn din mu, na ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ biribi a ɛbɛsesa nneɛma[1][6].

Abakɔsɛm

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Saa hashtag no, sɛnea wɔde di dwuma nnɛ wɔ social media dwumadibea ahorow no, na kan no, Chris Messina, a na kan ɔyɛ Google developer no, na ɔde too dwa wɔ Twitter, wɔ afe 2007 mu. Ná botae a ɛwɔ adwinni no ho ne sɛ ɛbɛbɔ meta tag bi a ɛma wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no tumi hwehwɛ nsɛm a ɛfa adeyɛ anaa asɛmti pɔtee bi ho. Nea edi kan a Twitter kae wɔ hashtag no a wɔde dii dwuma saa kwan yi so no nyɛ papa. Social media site no kaa sɛ "saa nneɛma yi yɛ ma wɔn a wɔn ani ate[7]" nanso akyiri yi wɔ saa afe no mu no, #sandiegofire a ɛboaa nnipa ma wotumi hwɛɛ nsɛm a ɛfa ogya no ho, wɔn adɔfo ahobammɔ, ne nsɛm foforo. Seesei, hashtag no atrɛw akɔ social media dwumadibea afoforo te sɛ Facebook, Instagram, ne TikTok so[2]. Ɛfiri afe 2007 mu no, wɔde hashtag no adi dwuma de ahyehyɛ nkɔmmɔbɔ wɔ intanɛt so, hwehwɛ wɔn a wɔtaa wɔn akyi, na wɔhyehyɛ atuatew a ɛma wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no nya wɔn ho a wɔde di dwuma wɔ amammuo ne amanyɔsɛm mu.

Nhwɛso ahodoɔ

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Wɔahyehyɛ nhwɛsoɔ ahodoɔ a edidi so yi wɔ afa horow: nnipa hokwan ahorow, nimdeɛ, amammuisɛm, ne nneɛma a ɛrekɔ so.

Mmusua

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United States fibea

#BlackLivesMatter

Asɛmti titire: Black Lives Matter

Black Lives Matter kuo no frɛ ma wɔagyaeɛ polisifoɔ atirimɔdensɛm ne Afrika-Amerikafo a wokunkum wɔn wɔ U.S. no. Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, ne Opal Tometi na wodii kan de #BlackLivesMatter hashtag no dii dwuma sɛ mmuaeɛ maa George Zimmerman a ɔwiaa Trayvon Martin a na wadi mfeɛ 17 kum no[8]. Hashtag no san bae bio wɔ afe 2014 mu, bere a wokunkum Michael Brown wɔ Ferguson, Missouri, ne bere a asɛnni baguafo no annya polisifo panyin Daniel Pantaleo wɔ Eric Garner wu no ho[9]. Wɔ afe 2020 ahohuru berɛ mu no, hashtag no san bae bio esiane George Floyd ne Breonna Taylor a polisifoɔ kunkum wɔn no nti[10].

Adwumayɛ

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Mfaso a ɛwɔ Hashtag dwumadi mu no, wɔn a wɔkasa tia no ka ho asɛm sɛ ɛyɛ ɔkwadwo. Slacktivism ne sɛ wode social media bedi dwuma sɛ ɔkwan a wode bɛboa amammui anaa asetena mu nsɛm bi. Hashtags, likes, shares, ne re-posts nyinaa yɛ nsɛmtifo no adwene sɛ ɛyɛ mmoa a ɛnnyɛ den a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nsakrae kakraa bi, na ɛhwehwɛ mmɔdenbɔ kakraa bi[11]. Hashtag a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den so no ama nnipa pii suro sɛ ɛbɛtumi ama nkurɔfo abrɛ wɔn ho ase. Wɔn a wɔkasa tia no ka sɛ hashtag activism no ma wɔn a wɔdi mu no nya abotɔyam wɔ ɔmanfo anim, sen sɛ wɔbɛyɛ biribi.[ 1] Ɔsom no a wɔmmfa wɔn ho nnhyɛ mu no ntumi mma wonnya nkate a na ɛda adi wɔ mmere a atwam no mu no bi. 3] Nkekae foforo a wɔde to hashtag dwumadi so no fi gyidi a ɛne sɛ, nnipa a wɔwɔ hokwan na wɔtaa fi intanɛt so dwumadi ase, na ɛnyɛ wɔn a asɛm no ankasa aka wɔn no. Wɔn a wɔkasa tia hashtag activism no bi ne Alaska amrado Sarah Palin, Canada sɛnkyerɛwfo Malcolm Gladwell, ne Nigeria Amerika kyerɛwfo Teju Cole, a wɔn nyinaa kyerɛ sɛ hashtag activism hyɛ akwadworɔ, mfasoɔ nni kyɛfa a ɛmpɛ nsakrae biara ho nkuran[12][13][14].

Berɛ a wɔn a wɔkasa tia no suro sɛ hashtag a wɔde di dwuma no de adwuma a ɛnnyɛ adwuma ankasa ba, wɔn a wɔtaa akyi no gye di sɛ ɛyɛ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na mfaso wɔ so ma wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no de ka wɔn adwene, hwehwɛ nsɛm, na wɔde abrabɔ fam mmoa ma nsɛm ho[15]. Hashtag no ma kwan ma wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no tumi ne wɔn ho wɔn ho di nkitaho de boaboa wɔn ho ano a ɛho nhia sɛ wɔn a wɔtaa wɔn akyi no wɔ baabi koro anaa bere koro mu. Esiane sɛ hashtag a wɔde to gua anaa nkrataa a wɔakyekyere ho a wɔkenkan no gye mmɔdenbɔ kakraa bi nti, nnipa pii tumi de wɔn ho hyɛ mu. Eyi betumi ama nkurɔfo anya adwene a ɛte saa denam ne ho a wɔde bɛka nsɛm, osuahu, nkate ne nsusuwii ho. 217] Hɔn a wͻdze wͻn amandzehu dzi dwuma no nya nkitahodi ahorow wɔ nkorɔfo a wͻnntum nhyia da no ntamu, ma hashtags tse dɛ #MeToo na #BlackLivesMatter no wͻn a wͻdze wͻn amandzehu dzi dwuma no nya kwan dɛ wͻboa hͻn ho, na wͻboa ma wͻdze wͻn ho bͻto hͻn ho mu na wͻdze wͻn ho hyem ma wͻn a wͻdze wͻn ho hyem no[8].

Wɔn a wɔtaa wɔn akyi te sɛ Bev Goodman, a ɔhyɛɛ #WhyIStayed mu a ɛfa abusua mu basabasayɛ ho ase no gye di sɛ, hashtag dwumadi betumi ama nsɛm asisi a ebetumi de nnipa akɔ so de wɔn ho ahyɛ amanyɔsɛm mu[16]. 218] Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ 2012 mu bere a Susan G. Komen for the Cure foundation no sii gyinae sɛ wɔremfa sika mma mammograms wɔ Planned Parenthood, social media users tweeted, #standwithpp, and #singon; akyiri yi saa nnawɔtwe no ara, Komen sesaa ne gyinaesi no[3]. Planned Parenthood clinics nyɛ mammograms biara, nanso wɔyɛ referral ma ayarefoɔ[17][18]. Social media ma nneɛma kɔ so ntɛmntɛm a ɛma ahyehyɛde ahorow tumi hu sɛnea ankorankoro yɛ wɔn ade wɔ nhyehyɛe ne gyinaesi ahorow ho, na ɛno nso ma wonya hokwan de saa mmuae ahodoɔ no yɛ adwuma bere a ahyehyɛde no ayɛ krado sɛ wɔbɛsesa nhyehyɛe anaa gyinaesi no.

Hwɛ nso

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  • Kwadwo
  • Ehu amammerɛ
  • Netizen
  • Adwumaden a wɔtew so
  • Ɔmanfo pɛsɛmenkominya adwene
  • Ɔmanfo atɛntrenee akofo
  • Twitter amammuisɛm
  • Ɔbra pa ho nsɛnkyerɛne

Mmeaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 , doi:10.4135/9781473945562 https://sso.sagepub.com/connect/authorize/callback?client_id=SK.Web&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.sagepub.com%2Fsignin-oidc%2Fautologin&response_type=code&scope=openid%20profile%20%20profile%20%20institution%20%20cache-management-api&code_challenge=1GoPyNix-d8oyC1TjeE7RsERdY9es1Mfo6a_Q_qrNuc&code_challenge_method=S256&response_mode=form_post&nonce=638861630075775576.ZjY2YTJmZTktMTQxOS00YzdhLTk3NTAtNDEwMWU3MzJiOWQ5ZGYxMmEzY2MtNWFmOS00NzdjLThjZmYtZTZkOWY1ZTQ2ZjQx&acr_values=%20actualRedirect%3A%2Fvideo%2Fhashtag-feminism-rape-culture&state=CfDJ8HWvqk35rPBBoXivSvtgTNwWJnkQWhNACLRbmL8gIXu81bumJVhFqMJPU_0yOn8vDvlkospiZcWko-LQjJzkxqLVk_54smv7jc26A9dUyiOiseet4_e134-iVDwISBlpHIwlwTAdkbG2B7XJi92TBJV6mw53UHiVvaWZjMweaNcfZ0b0ucJ6kZtK0m423h_9x2cUoJCmCwb28vap7ZiJ38yZhsrxQeg3W3dZ8b_4RMBFKrxPYyUIvU0mEUUpF_SRJyFm63f3QTn6FnAb8v7VAXhYgOsNZBU_vRDyZhBaY3gzKsXdv-WeRyov6RdeZFF-UsvrUwPWm1Wbat9eqEda_rJwS_XuXEdmWZJsz7zxp1vKEEO_XDZl1-S2VmrHTueg4KZJHZaRSeF3RdcJhNmvfjPuRxS1LbmX5GyhcaS61M18&x-client-SKU=ID_NET8_0&x-client-ver=8.2.1.0, retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ashlee Humphreys (2016), Social media: enduring principles, Oxford New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-932843-7 {{citation}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Tanja Schneider, Karin Eli, Catherine Dolan, Stanley Ulijaszek, ed. (2017-12-22), Digital Food Activism (in English) (1 ed.), Routledge, doi:10.4324/9781315109930-9, isbn 9781315109930, retrieved 2022-03-06, ISBN 978-1-315-10993-0, retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Check |doi= value (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  4. ↑ Aviva Wei Xue, Kate Rose (2022), Weibo Feminism: Expression, Activism, and Social Media in China, Bloomsbury Academic, doi:10.5040/9781350231528.ch-002, isbn 978-1-3502-3152-8, s2cid 247044502, retrieved 2022-03-06, ISBN 978-1-350-23152-8, retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Check |doi= value (help)
  5. ↑ Carol J. Maples (2008-05), Giving voice : the use of interactive theatre as professional development in higher education to reduce alienation of marginalized groups, doi:10.32469/10355/5506. hdl:10355/5506., retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Check |doi= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  6. ↑ Steven T. Corneliussen (2012-01-27), "New York Times "Science Times" continues its focus on scientific publishing and open access", Physics Today (in English), vol. 2012, no. 01, doi:10.1063/pt.4.0206, retrieved 2025-06-22
  7. ↑ Ben Panko (2016-08-08), "Mutation that made it easier to ride horses evolved more than 1000 years ago", Science, doi:10.1126/science.aag0736, ISSN 0036-8075, retrieved 2025-06-22
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Guobin Yang (2016-08-11), "Narrative Agency in Hashtag Activism: The Case of #BlackLivesMatter", Media and Communication, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 13–17, doi:10.17645/mac.v4i4.692, ISSN 2183-2439, retrieved 2025-06-22
  9. ↑ Indonesia Economic Quarterly FY14 : Compilation of the July 2013, October 2013, December 2013 and March 2014 Indonesia Economic Quarterly Reports, 2014-06, doi:10.1596/20013, retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  10. ↑ Catherine Knight Steele (2021-07-04), "When the Black lives that matter are not our own: digital Black feminism and a dialectic of self and community", Feminist Media Studies (in English), vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 860–863, doi:10.1080/14680777.2021.1949370, ISSN 1468-0777, retrieved 2025-06-22
  11. ↑ Nolan L. Cabrera, Cheryl E. Matias, Roberto Montoya (2017-12), "Activism or slacktivism? The potential and pitfalls of social media in contemporary student activism.", Journal of Diversity in Higher Education (in English), vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 400–415, doi:10.1037/dhe0000061, ISSN 1938-8934, retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ↑ David Renton (2014-02-01), "Doing less than nothing about zero-hour contracts", Socialist Lawyer, no. 66, doi:10.13169/socialistlawyer.66.0005, ISSN 0954-3635, retrieved 2025-06-22
  13. ↑ "The politics of nursing: As Chief Executive of the International Council of Nurses, Connie Holleran brings years of political experience to a job that many nurses in the UK know little about. Tim Rice visited her to find out more about her and the organisation", Nursing Standard (in English), vol. 3, no. 19, pp. 19–21, 1989-02-04, doi:10.7748/ns.3.19.19.s47, ISSN 0029-6570, retrieved 2025-06-22
  14. ↑ R. E Brand (2009-10-01), "Screening for familial pancreatic cancer: is doing something better than doing nothing?", Gut (in English), vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 1321–1322, doi:10.1136/gut.2009.181214, ISSN 0017-5749, retrieved 2025-06-22
  15. ↑ Ann T. Keene (2015-10), Chandler, Otis (23 November 1927–17 February 2006) (in English), vol. 1, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1603926., retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Check |doi= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ↑ Liza Potts, Joyce Seitzinger, Dave Jones, Angela Harrison (2011-10-03), Tweeting disaster: hashtag constructions and collisions (in English), ACM, pp. 235–240, doi:10.1145/2038476.2038522, ISBN 978-1-4503-0936-3, retrieved 2025-06-22{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ↑ Owen Dyer (2015-07-21), "Planned Parenthood accuses anti-abortion group of "corporate espionage" for promoting misleading video", BMJ, pp. h3996, doi:10.1136/bmj.h3996, ISSN 1756-1833, retrieved 2025-06-22
  18. ↑ Lori Baralt, Tracy A. Weitz (2012-11), "The Komen–Planned Parenthood Controversy: Bringing the Politics of Breast Cancer Advocacy to the Forefront", Women's Health Issues, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. e509–e512, doi:10.1016/j.whi.2012.07.008, ISSN 1049-3867, retrieved 2025-06-22 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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