Central African Republic’s Fight for Artifact Return from France

Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei wɔ Asante Twi mu

Central African Republic (CAR), te sɛ Afrika aman foforɔ pii, de nsi rehwehwɛ amammerɛ mu nnoɔma ne nneɛma kronkron a wɔfaa no bere a na wɔyɛ abibifoɔ no. Wɔtwee ɔman no agyapade no mu pii anaa wɔtwee no fii hɔ bere a na Francefo di ɔman no so no, na seesei wɔde asie tete nneɛma akorae ne mmeaeɛ a nkurɔfoɔ ankasa boaboa wɔn nnoɔma ano wɔ France nyinaa. Ɔkasa a wɔrebɔ de apɛ sɛ wɔsan de saa nneɛma no ma no ka Afrika nyinaa dwumadi kɛse bi a wɔreyɛ de rehwehwɛ abakɔsɛm mu ahosodie, amammerɛ mu nidie, ne nnisoɔ mu ntɛnkyea ho.

Abakɔsɛm

Wɔ afeha a ɛto so 19 awieeɛ ne afeha a ɛto so 20 mfiase mu no, bere a France dii nea ɛnnɛ wɔfrɛ no Central African Republic no so no, amammerɛ ho nneɛma pii a na ɛwɔ hɔ no, nneduafo, asɛmpatrɛwfo, nnipa ho animdefo, ne wɔn a wɔboaboa nneɛma ano no kogyee no. Eyinom yɛ ahemfo agyapadeɛ, ahyɛnsodeɛ, nnua, nnwom nnwinnadeɛ, nnwinnade a wɔde yɛ amanne, ne nneɛma foforo a ɛfa nnipa ho a na ɛho hia nyamesomfo, amammuifo, ne nnipa a wɔwɔ CAR, te sɛ Gbaya, Banda, ne Mandjia.

Mpɛn pii no, na wɔfa nnoɔma yi a wɔankyere wɔn ho, wɔhyɛ wɔn so, anaa wɔtwe wɔn aso berɛ a wɔakɔ ɔko. Saa nneɛma yi pii wɔ France te sɛ Musée du quai Branly - Jacques Chirac wɔ Paris, a ɛnnɛ, nnoɔma mpempem pii a ɛfiri Central Africa wɔ hɔ.

Ntoa a wɔbɔ de fa wɔna a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkɔ wɔn man mu

Ɔko a na wɔrebɔ sɛ wɔbɛsan de saa nneɛma no aba no nyaa nkɔso bere a 2018 amanneɛbɔ a France Ɔmampanyin Emmanuel Macron de mae no bae no. Amanneɛbɔ no a Félicité Sarr ne Bénédicte Savoy twerɛɛ no, wɔhyɛɛ nkuran sɛ wɔmfa nnoɔma a wɔfa firii Afrika aman mu a wɔamfa wɔn ho anhyɛ mu no mma wɔn, na wɔsan ka kyerɛɛ wɔn sɛ wɔnsan mfa amammerɛ ho nnoɔma no mma wɔn berɛ nyinaa, titire deɛ wɔfaa no berɛ a na wɔdi wwwwɔn soɔ no.

Saa amanneɛbɔ yi maa Central African Republic aban no ne nnipa a wɔwɔ hɔ no ne amammerɛ ho ahyehyɛde ahorow no fii ase bɔɔ mmɔden paa sɛ wɔbɛsan de nneɛma no ama wɔn. Wɔn a wɔdi dwuma titiriw wɔ CAR amammerɛ dwumadibea no ne France aban ne amammerɛ nnwuma adi nkitaho de rehwehwɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ ɔman no agyapadeɛ mu, na wɔtwerɛ ne din, na wɔsan de ma ɔman no.

Wɔ afe 2021 mu no, France bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ wɔde ahemfie nneɛma 26 bɛsan akɔma Benin, a na ɛyɛ biribi a CAR ne Afrika aman afoforo betumi de adi dwuma wɔ wɔn nkɔmmɔ mu. Ɛwɔ mu sɛ nnipa bebree nnya mmaa CAR da de, nanso ɔsatu no rekɔ so wɔ aman mmienu ntam nkɔmmɔ ne mmoa a wofi amanaman ntam ahyehyɛde te sɛ UNESCO, International Council of Museums (ICOM), ne African Union hɔ.

Adwinie ho mfasoɔ wɔ amammerɛ

Nnoɔma a wɔakora so wɔ amannɔne no nyɛ nnoɔma a wɔde yɛɛ adwinie kɛkɛ; wɔyɛ honhom fam ne abakɔsɛm mu agyiraehyɛdeɛ a ɛkyerɛ onipa ko a ɔyɛ ne tumi a ɔwɔ. Nnoɔma pii te sɛ nananom nkataanim, ahoni, ne ahemfoɔ agyiraehyɛdeɛɛ ho hia paa na ama yɛate tetefo amammerɛ, amammerɛ ne nyamesom mu gyidi a na ɛwɔ CAR no ase.

Sɛ wɔsan kɔ wɔn kurom a, ɛbɛboa ma wɔasan asiesie wɔn amammerɛ, ama ɔman no ahohoahoa ayɛ kɛse, na ɛbɛhyɛ nimdeɛ a wɔde ma mmabun no mu den. Bio nso ɛbɛboa adesua ne nsrahwɛ adwuma no, na ama wɔatumi de saa nneɛma yi ada hɔ wɔ mmeae bi te sɛ Boganda National Museum a ɛwɔ Bangui, a na wɔretwɛn akyɛ sɛ wɔbɛsan de nneɛma a wɔfow no ama wɔn no, na ama wɔn nsa aka wɔn nneɛma no na wɔde ayɛ ɔman no agyapadeɛ.

Mmara ne amanyɔsɛm mu haw ahodoɔ

Nanso, CAR mmɔdenbɔ hyia nsɛnnennen pii. Nea edi kan no, mpɛn pii no, wonnya nkrataa a emu da hɔ a ɛkyerɛ baabi a tete nneɛma pii fi ne wɔn a ɛyɛ wɔn dea. Nea ɛto so abien no, mpɛn pii no, Franse nnwumakuo ko tia berɛ nyinaa a wɔde bɛsan ama no, na mmom wɔhyɛ da yi nneɛma a wɔde bɛkyerɛ no bere tiaa mu, bosea, anaa nhyehyɛe ahorow a ɛfa agyapade ho. Bio nso, amanyɔsɛm ne ahobammɔ ho nsɛm tebea a emu yɛ den wɔ CAR no ma France ahyehyɛde ahorow no dwene nkae a ɛfa tete nneɛma a wɔasan de aba no ho.

Ɛmfa ho ɔhaw ahorow yi no, CAR da so ara hyɛ bɔ sɛ France wɔ abrabɔ ne abakɔsɛm mu asɛyɛde sɛ ɔbɛsan de nneɛma a wɔagye no ama. Amanaman ntam apam ahorow, titiriw UNESCO Apam a wɔyɛɛ no afe 1970 ne UNIDROIT Apam a wɔyɛɛ no afe 1995 no, a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔsan de amammerɛ ho agyapade a wɔawia anaa wɔde kɔ amannɔne no ma no, na ɛma ɔsatu no ho kwan.

Akwan ahodoɔ a wɔbɛsɔ ano

Sɛ CAR betumi adi nkonim wɔ ne nkurɔfo a ɔsan de wɔn rekɔ wɔn man mu no mu a, ɛsɛ sɛ onya akwan horow so di dwuma. Nea edidi so yi ka ho:

• Nhyehyɛeɛ ahodoɔ a wɔde hwɛ agyapadeɛ so.
• Wɔreyɛ nneɛma a wɔafa agu hɔ nyinaa ho kyerɛwtohɔ.
• Ɔde ne ho ahyɛ amammui ne mmara mu nkɔmmɔ mu.
• Yɛne amanaman ntam adwumayɛfo ne Afrika aman a wɔn ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛsan ama wɔn nneɛma no ayɛ adwuma.

Ɔman mu nkabom wɔ Afrika aman mu ne nhyɛso a efi wiase mu adwumayɛfo ne nhomanimfo hɔ no betumi ama CAR nne so. Nkɔso a ɛwɔ ɔmanfo mu ne nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔde di dwuma nso ho hia na ama wɔatumi anya mmoa wɔ ɔman no mu ne aman foforo so.