Ayamtim

Ɛfi Wikipedia
(Ɛfiri Ayamtuo)
Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu

Ayamtim ne sɛ nnipa ayamdeɛ yɛ den na ntumi mpui mma abɔten.[1] Mpempii no yaane no den asan aho. [2] Nsɛnkyerɛnne foforɔ bi nso ne yam yadeɛ, yam bobom, ɛyɛ wosɛ wonyaa wo nan nwieɛ.[3] Nnoɔma a ɛha agye wɔ ayamtuo ho ne hemorrhoids, anal fissure or fecal impaction.[4] Mpɛn dodoɔ a ɛwɔ sɛ mpanimfoɔ gya wɔn nan yɛ mprɛnsa dabiara ɛna mprɛnsa nnwɔtwe biara. Nkwadaa ketewa deɛ yɛ mprɛnsa anaa mprɛ nan dabiara ɛna mmɔtofowa nso mprɛnu de rekɔ mprɛnsa dabiara.[5] Nnoɔma a ɛde ayamtim ba dɔɔso. [6]Nea ɛyɛ na ne agyanan a ɛntumi mma ntɛntɛm, irritable bowel syndrome ne pelvic for disorder. [6]Yareɛ a ɛne no sɛ nehypothyroidism, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, colon cancer, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. [6][7]Nnuro a yɛde ma obi a wanya yamtuo neopioids, certain antacids, calcium channel blockers, and anticholinergics. [6]Opioids boa ma obi a ne yam tuo yam tim.[8] Nnipa ani ba ayamtim ho sɛ obi ahoɔden sɛ te a, anaa ɔnyaa anaemia, mmogya ba n'agyanan mu a, yɛwɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛfa kokoram anaa ayamtuo yi ho a ɛwɔ abusua mu anaasɛ ɛwɔ obi a wanyini so. [9]Kwan a wɔfa so sa saa yareɛ no gyina kwan a ɛfaa so baeɛ na nna dodoɔ a adi. [6]Kwan a ɛbɛtumi aboa ne sɛ wonom nsuo pii, di nnuaba a nsuo wɔm, wodi ɛwoɔ[10] na watenetene w'apom kakra. [6]Sɛ anyɛ adwuma a, wɔbɛtumi de laxatives of the bulk forming agent, osmotic agent, stool softener, or lubricant type ama wo. [6]Wɔde stimulant laxatives no ma wo sɛ ebia nnuro a wɔde maa wo no antumi ansa yareɛ noa.[6] Nea yɛtumi de sa ayamtuo nso ne biofeedback anaasɛ yɛde sekan paepae obi mua. [6]Ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu mmienu dekɔ aduasa na ɛtaa nya ayamtim. [11]Mpanimfoɔ a nso deɛ firi ɔhamu nkyekyɛmu aduonum kɔpem aduoson. [8]Nnipa ɔwɔ United States bɛka bɛyɛ US$250 de tɔ aduro sa ayamtuo bɛyɛ afe.[12]

Nkyerɛaseɛ[sesa]

Ayamtim yɛ nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ na ɛnyɛ yareɛ. Mpempii no, ayamtim yɛ adeɛ a yɛka sɛ yɛn ayamdeɛ ntumi mpui bɛyɛ mprɛnsa nnwɔtwe nnawɔtwe biara.[13] [14]Saa ara nso na, nnipa bɔsoɔ ka nnoɔma a ɛdidisoɔ yi.[15]

  • Ayamdeɛ a ɛkyɛ ansa na aba
  • Wɔhia mmerɛ pii ansa na ayamdeɛ no aba
  • Ayamdeɛ no yɛ den
  • Ɛnam sɛ ayamdeɛ no kyɛ ansa na apii no nti ɛma no te yaw.
  • Yam yadeɛ
  • Mframa gyina ne yam
  • the sensation of incomplete bowel evacuation.

Rome III Criteria yɛ nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ ahodoɔ bi a ɛboa ma wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no nya gyinapen a ɛfa ayamtim ho a ɛgyina mfeɛ ahodoɔ so. Saa ɔkwan yi boa ma aduyɛfoɔ kyerɛ ayamtim mu yie wɔ gyinapɛn kwan so.

Nnoɔma a ɛde ba[sesa]

Nnoɔma a ɛde ayamtim ba no bɛtumi akyekyɛ ayɛ congenital,ordinary ne Secondary. Deɛ ɛyɛ na paa yɛ ordinary na ɛnha adwene. [16]Ɛbɛtumi agyina mfeɛ a obi adi te sɛ mmɔfra ne mpanimfoɔ so akyekyɛmu.

Primary anaa functional ayamtim kyerɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne bi a ɛkɔso wɔ nnipadua mu a ɛboro bosome nsia a ɛnyi a asɛm biara so te sɛ aduro a obi anom ho nsunsuansoɔ anaa tebea a obi wɔ yareɛ mu. [17]Ɛmfa yam yadeɛ ho, ɛne sɛ ɛda nso firi irritable bowel syndrome ho. Ɛyɛ ayamtim a ɛyɛ na paa na ɛdɔɔso. [18]Wɔ mpanimfoɔ mu no, nnoɔma a ɛde Primary ayamtim ba na ɛdidisoɔ yi: nnuane a yɛ di bi te sɛ nnuane a nsuo nnim, anaa suban bi a yɛda no adi te sɛ yɛn tenetene yɛn mpom. Wɔ mpanimfoɔ paa mu no, nnoɔma a ɛde ba no gyina nnuane a nsuo nnim a wɔdi, wɔnnom nsuo pii, wɔntenetene wɔn mpom, nsunsuansoɔ a wɔnya firi nnuro a wafa mu, hypothyroidism ne colorectal kokoram. Adanseɛ a wɔde bɛsɔ saa nnoɔma yi asene yɛ adeɛ ebi nni hɔ. Ńoɔma a ɛde Secondary no ba yɛ nsunsuansoɔ a ɛwɔ nnuro a wɔnom mu bi te sɛ opiates, endocrine ne metabolic disorders te sɛ hypothyroidism, ne obstruction a ɛfiri colorectal cancer anaa ovarian cancer. [19]Celiac yareɛ ne non-celiac gluten sensitivity nso bɛtumi ama ayamtim aba.[20] Cystocele nso bɛtumi ama ayamtim ɛyɛ koankorɔ aba.[21]

Nnuane

Nnuane a nsuo nnoma a yɛdi, nsuo a yɛnnom bɛtumi de ayamtim aba.[22] Nnuane a nsuo wɔm tumi yi colonic transport time, ɛma ayamdeɛ dɔɔso na mmom ɛma no yɛ mmerɛ nso. Ne saa, nnuane a nsuo nnɔɔso wɔ mu no bɛtumi ama woanya ayamtim a yɛfrɛ no Primary.[23]

Nnuro

Nnuro pii nsunsuansoɔ yɛ ayamtim. Ɛbi ne ( na ɛnyɛ wei nika) opioids, diuretics, antidepressants, antihistamines, antispasmodics, anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, antiarrythmics, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, anti-diarrheals, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists bi te sɛ ondansetron, ne aluminum antacids.[24] Calcium channel blockers bi te sɛ nifedipine ne verapamil bɛtumi ama woanya ayamtim. [25]Nnuane nnuro bi te sɛ calcium ne iron nso bɛtumi ama woanya ayamtim ho nsunsuansoɔ.

Tebea a obi kɔ mu sɛ ɔnom aduro bi a

Metabolic ne endocrine haw a ɛbɛtumi de ayamtim aba ne: pheochromocytoma, hypercalcemia, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, porphyria, chronic kidney disease, pan-hypopituitarism, diabetes mellitus, and cystic fibrosis.[26] Ayamtim nso tumi ba nnipa a wɔwɔ muscular ne myotonic dystrophy. [27]Yareɛ a ɛdidisoɔ a ɛde ayamtim ba ne celiac disease and systemic sclerosis.[28] Ayamtim wɔ kwan ahodoɔ ( mechanical, morphological, anatomical) a ɛfa so ba a ɛne, wɔ ma kwan bɛda colon no a ɛsi ayamdeɛ kwan ma no ba bi te sɛ colorectal cancer, strictures, rectocoles, anal sphincter damage or malformation and post-surgical changes. Nsorom nnoɔma bi a abɛka ho te sɛ malignancies bɛtumi de ayamtim aba.[29] Nea ɛde Ayamtim ba no bi yɛ Neurological, ebi ne anismus, descending perineum syndrome, and Hirschsprung's yareɛ. Hirschsprung yareɛ yɛ adeɛ a ɛyɛ na wɔ mmɔfra mu paa a ɛde ayamtim ba. Anismus ba nnipa kakra bi a wɔwɔ ayamtim a ɛyɛ koankorɔ anaa ayamdeɛ a ɛyɛ den sɛ ɛbɛpui.[30] Akyi nkasɛɛ ne Neurological a ɛntotɔ N'akwan yie bi te sɛ Parkinson's yareɛ ne pelvic floor dysfunction bɛtumi de ayamtim aba. Chagas yareɛ bɛtumi de ayamtim sɛ myenteric plexus sɛe a.[31]

Adwene mu nnoɔma[32][33]

Sɛ wohyɛ da ma yamdeɛ no ka wo mu kyɛ a ɛde ayamtim ba. [34]Nea ɛbɛma obi ayɛ saa no sɛ na onikorɔ no suro yaw a ɛbɛba no, akwadworɔ anaa ɔsuro baabi a nnipadɔm siesie wɔn ho.[34] Sɛ abɔfra ma ne yamdeɛ ka ne mu a nkuranhyɛ, nsuo ne afaseduro a aka abom bɛtumi asi saa ɔhaw no ano kwan.[33] Sɛ wodi wo ho so na wakura mu no nso bɛtumi de anka fissures aba.[35]

Congenital

Nyarewa pii a ɛba wɔ awoɔ mu no nso tumi de ayamtim ba mmɔfra so. Ɛyɛ ekuo bi a ɛda nso firi Hirschsprung (HD) yareɛ a ɛyɛ na ho.[36] Yɛwɔ congenital structural anomalies a ɛde ayamtim ba a ebi ne anterior displacement of the anus, imperforate anus, strictures, and small left colon syndrome.[37]

Beaeɛ a menyaa mmoa firiiɛ[sesa]

  1. https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bpg.2009.05.001
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  3. Bharucha, A. E.; Dorn, S. D.; Lembo, A.; Pressman, A. (January 2013). "American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement on constipation". Best Practice & Research: Clinical Gastroenterology (Review). Baillière Tindall. 144 (1): 211–217. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2012.10.029. PMID 23261064. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022.
  4. https://web.archive.org/web/20170315085221/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/constipation/all-content
  5. Colombo, Jennifer M.; Wassom, Matthew C.; Rosen, John M. (1 September 2015). "Constipation and Encopresis in Childhood". Pediatrics in Review. 36 (9): 392–401, quiz 402. doi:10.1542/pir.36-9-392. ISSN 1526-3347. PMID 26330473. S2CID 35482415.
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  21. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/bladder-control-problems-women/cystocele-prolapsed-bladder
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  33. 33.0 33.1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3531555
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  37. Tabbers, M.M.; DiLorenzo, C.; Berger, M.Y.; Faure, C.; Langendam, M.W.; Nurko, S.; Staiano, A.; Vandenplas, Y.; Benninga, M.A. (2014). "Evaluation and Treatment of Functional Constipation in Infants and Children". Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 58 (2): 265–281. doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000000266. PMID 24345831. S2CID 13834963