Atlantic slave trade
Atlantik nkoatɔn anaa nkoa a wɔtɔn wɔ Atlantic po so yɛ nkoa dwadie bi a na ɛfa Abibifoɔ a wɔwɔ nkoasum na wɔ de wɔn twa Atlantik po ne so kɔ Amerika. Europa nkoa suhyɛn no taa fa mmaanu dwadie kwan; mekyerɛ aguadi kwan a ɛyɛ ahinanan no ne n'adantam akwantempɔn a ne brofo din ne Mfinimfini nkyekyem . Europa aborɔfo no tee Kurom a ɛwɔ nsuo so nkoa dwadie; mekyerɛ Coastal slave trade wɔ sɛntri dunum no mu, ɛna adwadie a wodi kɔ Amrika no hyɛɛ ase wɔ sɛntri du nsia no mu, a de kɔpem sɛntri du nkron no mu.[1] Nkoa a wɔdii wɔn ho dwa transatlantik nkoa dwadi bere no dodow no ara firi Sɛntral Afrika ne Atɔe Afrika, a na Atɔe Afrika nkoa dwadifo no tɔnn wɔn maa Europa nkoa dwadifo no, nkurofoɔ foforɔ nso,[2][3] a wɔafa wɔn aka nnɔmum wɔ mpoano. [4][5]
Na South Atlantic ne Caribbean sikasɛm a na wɔyɛ atubrafo no de wɔn ho to nkoa adwuma so titiriw de yɛ asikre ne nneɛma afoforo. Saa Europa Atɔe Fam aman a na wɔne wɔn ho wɔn ho resi akan sɛ wɔbɛhyehyɛ amannɔne ahemman ahorow no buu eyi sɛ ɛho hia kɛse . Portugalfo, wɔ afeha a ɛto so 16 mu no, na wodii kan de nkoa twaa Atlantic po no. Wɔ 1526 mu no, wowiee nkoa akwantu a edi kan a wɔde twaa Atlantic po no kɔɔ Brazil, na ankyɛ na Europafo afoforo dii akyi. Na po so ahyɛn wuranom bu nkoa no sɛ nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde kɔ Amerika ntɛmntɛm na ne bo nyɛ den sɛnea wobetumi, wɔ hɔ a wɔbɛtɔn wɔn akɔyɛ adwuma wɔ kɔfe, tawa, koko, asikre, ne kotoku mfuw, sika kɔkɔɔ ne dwetɛ mfuw, aburow mfuw, adansi adwuma, nnua a wotwitwa ma po so ahyɛn, sɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔn ho akokwaw, ne sɛ afie mu asomfo. Wɔkyekyɛɛ Afrikafo a wodii kan yɛɛ nkoa a wɔsomaa wɔn kɔɔ Engiresi atubra aman no mu no mu sɛ asomfo a wɔayɛ wɔn adwuma wɔ apam mu, na na mmara kwan so gyinabea te sɛ adwumayɛfo a wofi Britain ne Ireland a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ apam mu no de. Eduu afeha a ɛto so 17 mfinimfini no, na nkoasom mu ayɛ den sɛ mmusuakuw mu abusuakuw, na na Afrika nkoa ne wɔn mma a wɔbɛba daakye no yɛ wɔn wuranom agyapade wɔ mmara kwan so, efisɛ na mmofra a ɛnanom a wɔyɛ nkoa woo wɔn nso yɛ nkoa ( partus sequitur ventrem ). Sɛ agyapade no, na wobu nkurɔfo no sɛ aguade anaa adwumayɛfo akuw, na na wɔtɔn wɔn wɔ gua ahorow so a wɔde nneɛma ne nnwuma afoforo ka ho.
Mmeaeɛ A Menyaa Mmoa Firiiɛ
[sesa]- ↑ Diffie, Bailey (1963). Prelude to Empire: Portugal Overseas Before Henry the Navigator. University of Nebraska Press. p. 58.
- ↑ Simon Gikandi (2010-04-27), "Gates, Henry Louis Jr.", African American Studies Center, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-530173-1, retrieved 2025-06-15
- ↑ Everard W. Thornton, C.N. Hallas (1998-09), "286 Gender differences in cardiovascular response to stress in coronary patients", International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol. 30, no. 1–2, p. 112, doi:10.1016/s0167-8760(98)90285-9, ISSN 0167-8760, retrieved 2025-06-15
{{citation}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ↑ "Cross-Cultural Trade and the Sale of Enslaved People in Atlantic Africa", Traders in Men, Yale University Press, pp. 59–90, 2023-07-25, ISBN 978-0-300-27176-8, retrieved 2025-06-15
- ↑ Joy Gleason Carew (2018-08-23), "Fort-Whiteman, Lovett (December 1884–13 January 1939), African American communist", American National Biography Online, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-860669-7, retrieved 2025-06-15