Algerian Deportation and Repatriation of Sub-Saharan Migrants
Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei wɔ Asante Twi mu
Algeriafoɔ a wɔpam wɔn a wɔatu afi Sahara anafoɔ fam kɔ wɔn man mu. Algeria abɛyɛ baabi a Afrika a ɛwɔ Sahara Anafo fam no mu atubrafo a wɔpɛ sɛ wɔkɔ Europa anaa wɔkɔyɛ adwuma wɔ Afrika Atifi fam no kɔ. Nanso, wɔ mfe du a atwam mu no, Algeria aban no afa akwan a emu yɛ den a wɔfa so hwɛ nkurɔfo a wotu kɔ mmeaeɛ foforɔ so, na ama wɔatu nnipa mpempem pii afi Afrika Sahara Anafo fam akɔ wɔn kurom. Saa adeyɛ yi ama nnipa pii ho adwennwen kɛse, na ama amanaman no akasa atia wɔn kɛseɛ[1].
Sɛdeɛ wɔtu kɔ Algeria
[sesa]Nnipa a wofi Sahara anafo fam no taa fa aman te sɛ Niger ne Mali mu ansa na wɔakɔ Algeria, esiane sɛ ɔman no wɔ sikasɛm mu ahotɔ ne adwuma ho hokwan ahorow, titiriw wɔ adansi ne kuayɛ mu nti. Esiane sɛ Algeria wɔ asase so nti, ɛyɛ beae titiriw a wɔnam Mediterranea po so kɔ Europa.
Afrika a ɛwɔ Sahara anafoɔ fam no mu nnipa pii a wɔkɔ Algeria no pɛ sɛ wɔtra hɔ bere tiaa bi pɛ sɛ wonya sika anaa wɔkɔ Libya kɔ Europa[2][3].
Aban nhyehyɛeɛ ne wɔn a wɔpamm wɔn
[sesa]Wɔ afe 2014 mu no, Algeria ahyɛ wɔn a wɔtu kɔ baabi a wɔn mmara mma kwan no so. Mpɛn pii na wɔkyere atubrafo bere a wɔyɛ adwuma kɛse de hwehwɛ ahobammɔ, titiriw wɔ nkuro te sɛ Algiers, Tamanrasset, ne Oran mu no. Mpɛn pii no, wɔn a wɔkyere wɔn no, wɔmpɛ wɔn mu biara, na wɔhwɛ nnipa a wɔn honam ani hwɛbea ne ɔman a wofi mu no so, na wonni mmara kwan biara so.
Human Rights Watch bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ Algeria atumfoɔ "akyekyerɛ abibifoɔ a wɔfiri Afrika atubrafoɔ mpempem pii na wɔpam wɔn mu pii kɔ Niger, a ebi yɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ mmara kwan so atena hɔ anaa wɔn a wɔhwehwɛ banbɔ. ⁇ Nkurɔfo a wɔpam wɔn no mu pii tra sare so wɔ Niger hye so a wonni aduan, nsu, anaa baabi a wɔbɛda.
Wɔ afe 2018 nkutoo mu no, wɔpam Afrikafo bɛboro 25,000 a wɔwɔ Sahara Anafo fam fii Algeria, mpɛn pii no, wɔde wɔn kɔɔ lɔre a nnipa ahyɛ mu ma mu a wɔamfa wɔn ho anhyɛ mmara ase[4].
Ɔkwan ne nhyehyɛeɛ a wɔfa so de tu wɔn firi hɔ
[sesa]Mpɛn pii no, akwan mmienu na wɔfa so tu nkurɔfo gu:
- Amanaman Ntam Nkɔmmrabɔ Ho Nhyehyɛe: Ne titiriw no, Niger, a ɛhɔ na wɔde atubrafo ma wɔn wɔ hye so no.
- Atirimuɔdenfo a wɔto wɔn gu: Wɔto atubrafoɔ gu sare so, titiriw wɔ mmeae te sɛ Assamaka, Niger, baabi a IOM de mmoa ma.
IOM (2020) akyerɛw sɛ efi afe 2017 kosi afe 2020 mu no, wɔpam atubrafo bɛboro 60,000 fii Algeria kɔɔ Niger. Ná ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn mu pii nantew nnɔnhwerew pii wɔ sare so tebea a emu yɛ den mu, na ɛma wɔabrɛ, wopirapirae, na wowuwui mpo.
Nnipa fahodie ho nsɛm
[sesa]Nnwumakuo pii abɔ kɔkɔ wɔ nnipa fahodie a wɔredi ho fɔ wɔ Algeria amanyɔsɛm a ɛfa atuate ho no. Eyinom bi ne:
- Mmara mu nhyehyɛe a ɛmfata a enni hɔ (mmere a wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔtie asɛm no, wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔde asɛm no kɔdan asɛnnibea).
- Wɔkyere nkurɔfo a wɔnteɛ wɔn ani gu nneduaban a nnipa ahyɛ mu ma mu.
- Sɛ wɔto mmara a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔsan de obi kɔ ɔman foforo so, titiriw bere a ɔhwehwɛ ahobammɔ no.
- Wɔ 2020 mu amanneɛbɔ bi mu no, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) kaa Algeria anim wɔ "ne ho a wɔhwɛ nnipa" ho, na wɔsrɛe sɛ amanaman no nhyɛ Algeria aban no sɛ ɔnto nhyɛso a ɛte saa ase.
Algeria mmuaeɛ
[sesa]Algeria aban no akɔ so abɔ ne nneyɛe ho ban bere a ɔreka sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔyɛ saa de bɔ ɔmanfo nhyehyɛe ne ɔman no ahobammɔ ho ban no. Aban mpanyimfo nso kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wɔretwe wɔn a wɔrekɔ ɔman foforo so no a, wɔne wɔn a wɔaba ɔman foforo so no, titiriw Niger, yɛ nhyehyɛe.
Nanso, nsɛm a wɔka no tia saa nsɛm yi efisɛ wɔnte ase, na wɔtaa bɔ amanneɛ sɛ wɔresɛe nnwumakuw no. Algeria nyɛ 1951 Refugee Convention no fa, a ɛbɔ n'ahyɛdeɛ a ɛfa aguanfoɔ banbɔ ne wɔn a wɔnni kwan sɛ wɔsan de wɔn kɔ ɔman foforo so no ho ban[5][6].
Amanaman Ntam Ahyehyɛde no Dwuma
[sesa]International Organization for Migration (IOM) ne UNHCR di dwuma titiriw wɔ mmoa a wɔde ma atubrafo a wɔatu wɔn afi wɔn man mu, titiriw wɔ nsase a ɛbɛn hye so te sɛ Assamaka no so. IOM ma nkurɔfo baabi a wɔbɛtena bere tiaa bi, ayaresa, ne mmoa a wɔde ma wɔn a wofi wɔn pɛ mu san ba wɔn man mu no wɔ ne Nhyehyɛe a Ɛboa Wɔn a wofi Wɔn Pɛ mu San Ba na Wɔsan Kɔ Wɔn Man Mu (AVRR) mu.
Ɛmfa ho mmɔden a wɔbɔ yi no, wɔn a wɔpam wɔn no dodow yɛ kakraa bi, na wɔn a wɔpam wɔn no pii hyia ɔhaw a ɛbɛkɔ so bere tenten, a nea ɛka ho ne nnipa a wɔtɔn wɔn, honam fam ayayade, ne adwenemyare[7].
Baabi menyaa mmoa firiiɛ
[sesa]- ↑ In Algeria, sub-Saharan migrants live between fear of deportation and dreams of settling down (in English), 2024-09-04, retrieved 2025-06-17
- ↑ IOM operational responses to environmental migration and displacement, 2015-06-19, retrieved 2025-06-17
- ↑ International Organization for Migration (in English), retrieved 2025-06-17
- ↑ Amnesty International (in English), retrieved 2025-06-17
- ↑ "UNHCR as a global institution", The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Routledge, pp. 130–158, 2013-06-17, ISBN 978-0-203-14665-1, retrieved 2025-06-17
- ↑ UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency (in English), retrieved 2025-06-17
- ↑ Peter Van der Auweraert (2012-12-31), "Ending the 2006 Internal Displacement Crisis in Timor-Leste", IOM Migration Research Series, doi:10.18356/2891f2fb-en, ISSN 2414-2573, retrieved 2025-06-17